臺北市立動物園「戀戀火金姑親子體驗營」環境教育方案之評估

Abstract

本研究運用邏輯模式（Logic model）評估臺北市立動物園「戀戀火金姑親子體驗營」環境教育方案，瞭解方案的執行狀況以及參與之親子家庭的學習成效。本研究的研究對象為參與營隊的國小一至六年級親子家庭，研究方法採用前實驗研究單組前測－後測設計，除了以量化問卷蒐集學員參與營隊前、後以及營隊結束後一個月的學習成效，另外輔以參與觀察法及訪談法進一步瞭解學員參與營隊的學習效果及學習體驗。 本研究量化資料顯示成人參與營隊後，在「環境覺知」及「環境知識」面向有顯著提升且持續至營隊結束一個月後。在「環境態度」面向，成人參與營隊後有顯著提升，但營隊結束一個月後則沒有顯著差異。在「環境行為」面向則無顯著改變；學童參與營隊後在「環境覺知」及「環境知識」面向有顯著提升且持續至營隊結束一個月後。在「環境態度」面向，則沒有顯著提升。在「環境行為」面向無顯著改變。本研究質化資料顯示學員在「環境覺知」及「環境知識」面向有明顯的提升。在「環境態度」面向發現學員能經由親近螢火蟲及螢火蟲的棲息環境，懂得愛護與尊重生命，並具有保育螢火蟲的意願，但還無法落實生活中的保育行為。整體而言，本營隊對於北部的家庭仍具有相當大的吸引力，學員也認為課程內容豐富充實且教學方式寓教於樂。 本研究發現「戀戀火金姑親子體驗營」在課程安排上較著重螢火蟲生態知識的傳遞以及學員在環境中的體驗，建議未來可以在方案規劃中加強螢火蟲的保育知識以及在日常生活中落實保育行為的重要性，更積極地影響學員產生負責任的環境行為。

This study used logic model to evaluate the environmental education program,"Firefly Family Camp" of Taipei Zoo to understand the implementation of the program and the learning outcomes of participating families. The research objects of this study are the first to sixth grade parent-child families participating in the camp. The research method adopts a pre-experimental research one-group pretest-posttest design. The quantitative questionnaire was used to collect learning outcomes of families before and after participating in the camp and one month after the end of the camp. The qualitative data such as interview and participant’s observation records were used to understand the learning experience of the families participating in the camp and the changes after participating in the camp. The quantitative data of this study showed that the adults who participate in the camp had immediate and persistent improvement of"environmental awareness" and "environmental knowledge" aspects. The "environmental attitude" aspect had immediate improvement, but no persistent improvement. There was no significant change in "environmental behavior"; the children participating in the camp had immediate and persistent improvement in the "environmental awareness" and "environmental knowledge" aspects. The "environmental attitude" aspect had no immediate and persistent improvement. There was no significant change in "environmental behavior". The qualitative data of this study showed that the families had significantly improvement on "environmental awareness" and "environmental knowledge" aspects. In "environmental attitudes" aspect, it is found that most of the parents were interviewed had had positive environmental attitudes and had implemented positive environmental behaviors in their daily life, such as bringing their own tableware or reducing plastics. Children were willing to conserve fireflies, but it is still unable to connect conservation actions with their own life. On the whole, the camp had considerable appeal to families in northen Taiwan, and families participating in the camp also thought that the courses were rich, substantial and the teaching methods were entertaining. This study found that the"Firefly Family Camp" emphasized the transfer of firefly knowledge and the families' experience in the environment. It is recommended that the cultivation of environmental attitudes and environmental behaviors in daily life can be strengthened in the program planning in the future.