澎湖群島國中教師之氣候變遷識覺與教育現況探討

Abstract

全球氣候變遷導致極端氣候變化、海平面上升將威脅小型島嶼，澎湖群島擁有眾多島嶼地處臺灣海峽、四周環海與海洋關係密不可分，受到氣候變遷的影響可能較為顯著，因此當地居民需從小培養對氣候變化的敏感度與在地環境的觀察能力。國中教師為國民教育重要的啟發者與引導者，透過教育的方式讓下一代可以面對未來可能的環境衝擊。

本研究旨在調查澎湖群島國中教師，對澎湖當地的情感與環境、氣候變化的識覺和發現，並且在氣候變遷的議題教學上的現況與需求為何。本研究使用調查研究法，以問卷發送至澎湖群島14所國中的教師，共發送286份問卷，有效問卷為228份，並對7位教師進行訪談。

經問卷統計與訪談研究結果顯示： (1)國中教師對澎湖情感顯示高度關心，其情感差異會與氣候變遷議題的表現有所相關。 (2)多數教師覺得近年來澎湖的氣候正在改變，並認為人為影響是主要因素之一。而他們也認為人類發展改變了地景環境和生態環境，其影響大於氣候變遷的影響。 (3)澎湖的國中教師對氣候變遷議題態度、知識表現正向且積極，任教於社會科或自然科的教師更為明顯，有85.5%的教師在課堂上實施氣候變遷相關課程，此外也會藉由新聞事件、生活經驗引導學生討論相關議題。 (4)教師認為可將氣候變遷課程與當地環境有所連結，贊成運用戶外教學課程讓學生更能深刻體會氣候變遷周遭環境的影響。

In recent years, extreme climate events and natural disasters, including hurricanes, floods and droughts, impact the small island areas in the world. The Penghu Archipelago, consisting of 90 small islands and located in the Taiwan Strait, is also vulnerable to the effects of climate change. This thesis aims to investigate the current situations and needs of climate change education in junior high schools in the Penghu Archipelago.

This research targets on the junior high school teachers at 14 schools. Questionnaire survey is adopted as research method and distributed to 286 questionnaires, and 228 out of those are effective. Based on the effective questionnaires and the interviews of seven teachers, the primary findings are specified as follows.

First, the teachers have deep affection for Penghu, in love with their homeland and concern about the alternation of Penghu’s environments. Besides, most of the teachers indicate that the climate change in Penghu is perceivable and attribute to human activities. Due to the greater and greater influence, they also predict that the impact of human development on landscapes and ecological environments will be the negative impact on climate change.

Moreover, the teachers in Penghu junior high schools are positive and active in their attitudes towards climate change issues. 85.5% of them prepare lessons related to climate change or led students to discuss the issues on the basis of news events and life experiences. Furthermore, the teachers consider climate change as an important issue for junior high school students in Penghu. Most of them suggest that lessons of climate change should be in connection with the local environments to inspire students with the environmental crisis. It is also suggested that outdoor activities may lead students to experience the impacts of climate change on the nature.