發展 Porphyrin 衍生物當作新的孔洞傳輸材料並應用在鈣鈦礦太陽能電池

Abstract

本研究乃致力於發展新的孔洞傳輸材料(HTMs)以應用於鈣鈦礦太陽能電池。在最初開始的階段，我們利用文獻已報導的N2,N2,N2’,N2’,N7,N7,N7’,N7’-octakis(4-methoxyphenyl)-9,9’-spirobi[fluorene]-2,2’,7,7’-tetraamine (Spiro-OMeTAD) 為孔洞傳輸材料(HTMs)製作鈣鈦礦太陽能電池元件，在效率上能夠穩定地得到 16% 的效率，其中最高效率已經達到 16.75 %。 利用從上述的實驗為練習，證明了我們製作鈣鈦礦太陽能電池元件的技術已臻成熟。隨即我們將Spiro-OMeTAD此孔洞傳輸材料製換成實驗室所合成之oxasmaragdyrin (SM) 系列之化合物：SM9、SM11與SM13。由其此三個化合物的紫外-可見光吸收光譜和氧化還原電位，我們了解此些化合物的HOMO 能階適合當作鈣鈦礦太陽能電池的孔洞傳輸材料，用來把吸光層電洞導出。在 1.5AM 模擬光照下觀察其能量轉換效率，結果三個化合物均給予14%以上的高效率(SM9: 14.47%，SM11: 14.97% 以及SM13: 14.06%)。此外，我們亦測量了這些 SM的熱重分析，結果顯示此些化合物在150°C以下為穩定狀態，不會產生分解。 最後，在元件不進行封裝，只儲存於真空狀態的條件下，連續測量以SM為孔洞傳輸層的元件效率七天，顯示七天後元件仍維持原有效率的80%。

This thesis focuses on the development of new hole-transporting materials (HTM) on the perovskite solar cell. In the beginning, we have utilized the literature reported N2,N2,N2’,N2’,N7,N7,N7’,N7’-octakis(4-methoxyphenyl)-9,9’-spirobi[fluorene]-2,2’,7,7’-tetraamine (Spiro-OMeTAD) as the hole-transporting material to fabricate solar cell films. We obtained stable efficiencies above 16%, and the highest one is 16.75%. Taking the experiments above as practices, the obtained stably high efficiencies have proven our good skills on making perovskite solar cell films. Therefore, we substituted the spiro-OMeTAD using oxasmaragdyrin (SM) molecules: SM9, SM11 and SM13, as the HTMs. From the absorption and reduction/oxidation potentials, the HOMO energy levels of the SM molecules have been known and are suitable for transporting electron holes from the light harvesting layer of perovskite solar cell. We have measured the energy transfer efficiencies of the solar cell films using SM as HTM under the simulation of 1.5 AM sunlight; all the three SM give a good efficiency higher than 14% (SM9: 14.47%，SM11: 14.97% 以及SM13: 14.06%). Besides, we have also measured the thermal gravity analysis of the SM molecules, the results show that the three SM are stable and did not decompose below 150°C. To test the stability of the films using SM as HTMs, we have stored the films under vacuum and continuously measured their efficiencies for 7 days, the results show that the films can still remain 80% of efficiency after 7 days.