水肺潛水員對漁獵採捕之環境態度與環境行為之研究

Abstract

台灣水肺潛水活動雖發展歷程已久，然在政府的各項管理措施上仍尚未完備，當面對活動推廣或發展產業時，常會忽略對環境所造成的衝擊與破壞，本研究盼針對水肺潛水員對海域生物之採集、漁獵等利用行為進行探討，以利找出其中關聯性並盼能提供最佳共生方式。

本研究採「問卷調查法」，於民國104年05月20日至104年06月05日間以Google雲端硬碟所提供之「網路問卷」，透過Facebook、BBS、Mobie01、Line群組等網路社群進行發放，期間共回收有效問卷330份。

調查顯示，台灣水肺潛水員多具有良好之環境態度與環境行為認知，會以尊重或對海洋環境友善之方式從事相關活動；然對於漁獵採捕等相關法規之瞭解程度則略顯不佳，瞭解程度僅介於不瞭解與瞭解間，標準差偏高，顯示瞭解程度落差明顯；對於漁獵採捕行為多數呈現不支持於水肺潛水時從事捕獵行為，支持度多介於不支持至普通間，與環境態度及環境行為調查結果相符。於不同變項間僅於教育程度與是否有潛導陪同等變項間，對於環境態度及環境行為認知、法規瞭解度、漁獵採捕過往經驗及行為支持度等皆呈現顯著差異；其餘變項顯著程度不一。

台灣水肺潛水員對於水肺潛水之活動方式以逐漸改變，改為以體驗、觀光、攝影等純休閒方式進行，過去曾有漁獵採捕經驗者，亦已逐漸降低漁獵採捕行為之機率；同時，本研究亦發現可透過持續提昇活動參與者之教育或，透過潛導制度之建立亦可有效降低漁獵採捕行為之產生，可有助於提昇對海洋環境保育之成效。

Scuba diving, although the development process has been a long time, but in the government's management practices yet complete. When engaged in activities or promote scuba diving, often ignore the impact on the environment caused by the destruction. In this study, scuba divers to collect sea creatures, fishing and hunting behavior discussed in order to find the relevance, and the environment to find the best symbiotic way.

This study adopted questionnaire. In 2015.05.20-2015.06.05 using Facebook, BBS, Mobie01, Line and other internet community groups to distribute it. A total of 330 valid responses.

Scuba divers had a well-environmental attitudes and environmental behavior cognition. Respect for the ocean, used a friendly way to engage in activities related to the environment. For hunting and fishing harvest behavior presented did not support, in line with environmental attitude and environmental behavior findings.

Scuba divers in diving has gradually changed the way changed to of experiencing, sightseeing, photography and leisure purposes. There had been hunting and fishing harvest experience, has also gradually reduced fishing and hunting harvest behavior. The study also found that by created a dive guide System can effectively reduce fishing and hunting harvest behavior, helped to improve the effectiveness of the conservation of the marine environment.