災害學習與災害韌性建構：以松鶴部落為例

Abstract

本研究關注重點為災害學習與災害韌性，以13年前受敏督利、艾利颱風接連侵襲而發生大規模土石流災害的松鶴部落為驗證，瞭解這幾年來松鶴部落居民的災害回復以及如何與災害共存之災害學習與災害韌性。本研究將松鶴部落的人與在地環境視為整體，藉以理解土石流災害影響松鶴部落民眾的過程為何，並探知松鶴部落居民如何建立其災害韌性與災害學習的方式。研究時徵求松鶴部落親身經歷過一次或數次土石流災害的29位志願的在地居民進行深度訪談，整理出松鶴部落民眾在這幾年間已具備哪些災害經驗與學習方式，並理解其如何與災害環境共存。研究結果發現，松鶴部落的受災民眾在災後均能理解人與環境互動的重要性，並能完整看待自然環境與社會環境的整體性。據此，本研究的結論為：(1) 松鶴部落民眾的災害學習方式，是一種與環境共存的災害學習方式。(2) 松鶴部落民眾的災害韌性，是一種以人為核心進而順應自然的災害韌性。(3) 災害學習是災害韌性建立的第一步。期望透過松鶴部落的案例，能做為災害學習與災害韌性相關研究之參考。This research aims at bringing awareness of disaster resilience, by understanding how Songhe tribe rehabilitate after disasters and how they have coexisted with their environment for the past several years. 13 years ago, the Songhe tribe experienced a severe mudslide caused by back to back typhoons, Mindulle and Aere. Validated by this incident, the goal of the research is to use Songhe’s experience and environment to examine how mudslides affect the tribe, especially the effects on the people’s formation of disaster resilience and disaster learning. During the research, 29 volunteer inhabitants who have experienced mudslides were interviewed on how they developed their disaster resilience, and how they reconnected with their environment. The research found that, after disaster, Songhe people understood the importance of the interaction between human and nature, and view the environment as part of their community. The conclusion of this research were as following. (1) Songhe people’s disaster learning, was based on coexisting with their environment. (2) Songhe people’s disaster resilience was centered on the people to go alongside with nature. (3) Disaster learning was the first step into building disaster resilience. Using Songhe as an example, this research is hoped to contribute to further investigation of disaster resilience subject matter.