臺北市國小教師利用親山步道進行戶外環境教育之現況調查
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2011
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Abstract
本研究探討臺北市國小教師利用此二十條親子級親山步道進行戶外環境教育的情形。從瞭解目前教學的狀況、困難,進而深究教師對利用臺北市親山步道實施戶外環境教育的需求,增進教師在步道進行戶外環境教育的意願,並作為相關單位未來推動親山教育及山林生態保育課程的參考。
本研究採「調查研究法」,用問卷為研究工具,蒐集相關資料。研究對象為臺北市公私立國小教師,依臺北市十二個行政區分層,計算各分層教師總數占臺北市教師總數比例,決定每層將發放的問卷數。以立意取樣的方式,抽取樣本學校進行調查。共計抽樣372位教師,有效回收317位教師,回收率為85.22%。
研究結果如下:
一、臺北市國小教師利用臺北市親山步道進行戶外環境教育之狀況
大多數教師近四年來,未利用臺北市親山步道進行戶外環境教育。但教師們仍大多認為至臺北市親山步道進行戶外環境教育是重要的,並且教師的班級學生人數及本身的登山健行頻率,在認為帶領學生至臺北市親山步道進行戶外環境教育的重要性上有顯著差異。而學校所在行政區、教師本身的環境教育相關研習經驗、登山健行喜好及登山健行頻率,對於舉辦至臺北市親山步道進行戶外環境教育的情形也呈現顯著差異。
曾利用過臺北市親山步道的教師最常帶學生去的步道以「貴子坑親山步道」、「仙跡岩親山步道」及「軍艦岩親山步道」為主。教師會選擇運用的原因,則是「距離學校近」及「步道擁有豐富的資源供學生學習」、「可強健學生體魄」等。教師通常採「全學年一起去」的形式進行,課程最常結合「自然與生活科技」領域,以「自行設計當日課程並親自帶領」的方式實施,而活動內容以「學生觀察、探索」最多。
二、臺北市國小教師利用臺北市親山步道進行戶外環境教育之困難
「擔心學生活動安全」及「對當地環境資源不瞭解」是最讓教師感到困擾的因素。
三、臺北市國小教師利用臺北市親山步道進行戶外環境教育之需求
教師們希望校外有關單位、機關能在步道上設置更清楚的方向指示或標誌牌、步道參觀路線和建置突發狀況緊急聯絡系統,而在學校的部分則需要加強與學生強調無痕山林(Leave No Trace)登山禮儀的觀念及進行行前登山安全教育宣導。大部分教師皆表示只要政府及學校有完善的配套措施後,將會更提升他們利用臺北市親山步道進行戶外環境教育的意願。
This study was to explore how the Taipei City elementary school teachers to use these 20 mountain trails for outdoor environmental education. We hope that the relevant agencies could solve the difficulties of the courses to increase the willing of teachers to hold outdoor environmental education activities. I used the questionnaire to asked 372 teachers in Taipei, of which 317 questionnaires were valid. Conclusions: 1 .Most teachers did not use the Mountain Trails to hold the outdoor environmental education for four years, but they knew the outdoor environment education is important. 2. "To worry about the safety of students" and "Not familiar with the local environmental resources" are the most disturbing factors for teachers. 3. Most of the teachers said that as long as the government and the school have a comprehensive plan, they would prefer to use mountain trails for environmental education.
This study was to explore how the Taipei City elementary school teachers to use these 20 mountain trails for outdoor environmental education. We hope that the relevant agencies could solve the difficulties of the courses to increase the willing of teachers to hold outdoor environmental education activities. I used the questionnaire to asked 372 teachers in Taipei, of which 317 questionnaires were valid. Conclusions: 1 .Most teachers did not use the Mountain Trails to hold the outdoor environmental education for four years, but they knew the outdoor environment education is important. 2. "To worry about the safety of students" and "Not familiar with the local environmental resources" are the most disturbing factors for teachers. 3. Most of the teachers said that as long as the government and the school have a comprehensive plan, they would prefer to use mountain trails for environmental education.
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親山步道, 戶外環境教育, 登山健行, hiking trails, outdoor environmental education, hiking