以環境教育為基礎之地方創生研究-新北市石門區出磺口農場為例

Abstract

「地方創生」發源於日本，旨在結合地方之地理特色及人文風情，讓各地發展出最適合自身的產業，以改善鄉村地區人口老化及人口外流問題。我國國家發展委員會推動的「地方創生」計畫，亦是藉由盤點各地「地、產、人」的特色資源，以「創意、創新、創業、創生」的策略規劃，開拓地方深具特色的產業資源，引導優質人才專業服務與回饋故鄉，使偏鄉重新形塑風華（國發會，2017）。本研究以北海岸石門區九芎林擁有梯田景觀的「出磺口農場」為例，探討該農場如何藉由環境友善理念，經營以無毒食蔬、田間體驗、傳承農家文化價值及農村再生概念的農場；並進一步以參與式行動研究，探討如何擴大結合農場週遭環境，整合該區域的自然地景、生態資源、生物多樣性及農村特色，創造環境教育機會及場域，並結合中小學戶外教育及田野體驗等社會資源，吸引青年返鄉，共同營造以環境教育為基礎的地方創生。行動研究過程，本研究曾以農場活動參與者為對象進行問卷調查及半結構式訪談法，瞭解活動參與者對農場經營、自然體驗及地方創生之看法；再藉由工作坊與農場社區共同討論規劃生態文化保育、環境教育、及農業創新產品，鼓勵青年回鄉參與經營，開拓地方創生資源。" Regional regeneration " originated in Japan, aims to combine the geographical characteristics and cultural customs of the place, so as to develop the most suitable industries to improve the population aging and population outflow in rural areas. The “ regional regeneration ” plan promoted by the National Development Council takes advantage of the inventory of local, industrial and human resources in various regions, and uses the strategic planning of “ creativity, innovation, entrepreneurshipand creation ” to develop local industrial resources with deep characteristics, guide high-quality talents, professional services and return to their hometowns, so as to regenerate the rural areas.This study takes the" Chuhuangkou farm " with terrace landscape in Shimen district, north coast as an example, this study explores how to manage farms with nontoxic vegetables, field experience, inheritance of farm cultural value and rural regeneration concept by means of environmental friendly concept. And further use participatory action research to explore how to expand the integration of the surrounding environment of the farm, integrate the natural landscape, ecological resources, biodiversity and rural characteristics of the region, create opportunities and fields for environmental education, and combine outdoor education in primary and secondary schools and fields. Experience and other social resources, attract young people to return to their hometowns, and jointly create a local creation based on environmental education.In the course of action research, this study conducted a questionnaire survey and semi-structured interview with farm participants to understand their views on farm management, natural experience and local development. Through workshops and farm communities to discuss the planning of ecological and cultural conservation, environmental education, and agricultural innovation products, encourage young people to return home to participate in business, and develop local creative resources.