屏東縣高中職學生藥物濫用知識與態度之調查研究暨常見濫用藥物分析法比較

Abstract

本研究主要目的是了解屏東縣高中職學生藥物濫用知識與態度現況及相關性，並討論學生個人因素、家庭因素、學校因素對其濫用知識、態度的影響。 研究對象為九十六學年度屏東縣高中職學生，以便利取樣的方式抽出二所高中、二所高職，高三、高一各二個班，合計共四個學校、十六個班，獲得有效樣本533份。問卷內容主要是參考李景美教授、彭如瑩老師、林秀霞老師等的問卷，經專家學者修改後而成，此問卷的Cronbachα=.89，顯示問卷量表信度良好，內部一致性高。問卷內容包括個人資料、藥物濫用知識、藥物濫用態度三大部分，請抽樣班級集體填答回卷，施測時間為九十七年四月。 分析結果發現，屏東縣高中職學生在藥物濫用認知答對率76.9%，表示大多數學生對藥物種類、藥物作用有好的認識，但在濫用藥物的社會層面上得分較低，有需要加強學生藥物濫用法律規範的知識。藥物濫用態度平均值為4.33，表大多數學生對藥物濫用態度為正向，即不贊成用藥，但有44%的學生不反對飲酒，38.7%學生不贊成禁止商店賣酒給18歲以下的青少年，顯示飲酒的正確觀念需要加強。 個人因素對藥物濫用認知、態度的影響結果是：女性、高中學生、三年級、家庭管教方式民主、無偏差行為、父母對子女使用成癮性藥物的態度是非常不同意的學生，藥物濫用知識較佳。女性、高中學生、在校成績前40%、家庭管教方式非常民主、無偏差行為、父母對子女使用成癮性藥物的態度非常不同意者的學生，其濫用態度愈正向，即不贊成用藥。 本研究建議相關單位在高中職學生反毒教育上，應加強毒品濫用的法律罰則及藥物的基本概念的知識，及學生的飲酒的正向觀念。The main purpose of this study is to understand the current situation of drug abuse recognition and attitudes of general and professional high school students in Pingtung County, and the relevance between drug abuse knowledge and drug abuse attitudes , and to discuss the influences of personal factor, family factor and school factor on their drug abuse recognition and attitudes. The study samples are from the general and professional high school of 2007 academic year in Pingtung County. The samples were selected in a convenient way; two general high schools and two professional high schools were chosen, two grade 3 classes and two grade 1 classes were selected from each school. There are 16 classes in total, with 533 valid questionnaires. The questionnaire content is mainly the consultation of the questionnaires of Professor Li jingmei, Peng Ruying, Lin Xiuxia etc., then, amended by some experts and scholars. The Cronbach α of this questionnaire is 0.89, which represents the questionnaire is good, and the internal consistency is high. The content of the questionnaire includes three parts: the personal information, the recognition of drug abuse and the attitudes of drug abuse. Students of the same class answered the questionnaires at the same time in a classroom. The sampling time is in April 2008. The results of the questionnaires reveal that 76.9% questions about drug abuse knowledge were correctly answered by high school students of Pingtung County. That means most students have good knowledge of drug types and drug effects. But score is relatively low in social aspect of drug abuse, which indicates that the legal knowledge of drug abuse should be strengthened. The average value of drug abuse attitude is 4.33, which shows that most students have positive drug abuse attitude, and most students disagree to use drugs. But 44% of the students do not object to drinking, and 38.7% of the students approve the sale of alcoholicliquor to people who are under the age of 18. That indicates the correct drinking concept should be strengthened. The influences of personal factor, family factor and school factor on drug abuse knowledge and attitudes are: students who are general high school female students in grade 3, democratic style of family, without deviations, and whose parents strongly disapprove their children of using drugs, have better drug abuse knowledge. Students who are general high school female students, top 40% on academic performance, democratic style of family, without deviations, and whose parents strongly disapprove their children of using drugs, have more positive attitude to drug abuse, which means that they strongly disagree to use drugs. This study suggests that the government units which deal with anti-drug education should strengthen the education of the legal penalties for drug abuse and the basic concepts of drugs for high school students. Besides, the government units should also enhance the education of positive drinking concept.