毛細管電泳螢光光譜法對尿液中低濃度毒品3,4-亞甲雙氧甲基安非他命（3,4-MDMA）與麥角二乙胺（LSD）之分析研究

Abstract

3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine（3,4-MDMA）是一種強烈中樞神經興奮劑。本研究發現使用非水相毛細管泳層析/螢光分析法，可提供一種快速、有效的分離條件。利用加入3,4-MDMA-D5為內標物，依照分析物個別的電泳遷移時間與譜峰高度，直接對吸毒者尿液中代謝出的3,4-MDMA濃度做定量分析，每次偵測的時間僅約5分鐘，偵測極限可到1 ppm（5.2 ×10-6 M），輔以簡單的液-液萃取法可使偵測極限降至50 ppb（S/N = 3）。 Lysergic acid diethylamide（LSD）對人體大腦和神經中樞系統具有強大的危害性，受此藥物刺激會產生幻覺及脫離現實感。本研究針對LSD、iso-Lysergic acid diethylamide（iso-LSD）與Lysergic acid N,N-methylpropylamide（LAMPA）建立標準的分析方法。由實驗結果顯示，使用最佳化分離條件為100 mM SDS、50 mM磷酸溶液及3 mM Brij-30並加入Acetonitrile-Methanol-Water（5:35:60, v/v）緩衝溶液組成。此外，本實驗應用毛細管電泳掃集法（sweeping）與陽離子選擇性完全注射掃集MEKC法（CSEI-sweep-MEKC），可使偵測極限（S/N = 3）降至~20 ppb和~60 ppt。最後，本研究以水相毛細管電泳/低溫（77 K）螢光光譜偵測法與GC/MS偵測法應用於檢測嗑藥者尿液與一粒砂毒品中LSD的定性與定量分析。3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (3,4-MDMA) is a strong central nervous system stimulant. Using nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis/fluorescence detection, the precision of the method was evaluated by measuring the repeatability and intermediate precision of migration time and corrected peak height by comparison with a 3,4-MDMA-D5 internal standard. It is possible to determine this drug at a level of 1 ppm without any pre-treatment in less than 5 min. After liquid-liquid extraction, the sample can be condensed and a detection limit of 3,4-MDMA in urine of 50 ppb (S/N = 3) can be achieved. Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is a powerful psychedelic drug that produces temporary hallucinations and a schizophrenic psychotic state The separation and on-line concentrations of LSD, iso-lysergic acid diethylamide (iso-LSD) and lysergic acid N, N-methylpropylamide (LAMPA) in human urine also were investigated by capillary electrophoresis-fluorescence spectroscopy using a mixture of acetonitrile-methanol-water solution (5:35:60, v/v) containing sodium dodecyl sulfate (100 mM), phosphate (50 mM), and Brij-30 (3 mM). To improve sensitivity, a technique involving sweeping and cation-selective exhaustive injection-sweep-micellar electrokinetic chromato- graphy (CSEI-sweep-MEKC) were also used for on-line concentration which resulted in detection limits of ~ 20 ppb and ~ 60 ppt, respectively. The separation and on-line identification of LSD in tablets were also investigated by capillary electrophoresis-fluorescence spectroscopy at 77 K and GC/MS.