探討POEC與分組合作學習模式在國二「原子與分子」單元的學習成效

Abstract

本研究旨在探討POEC(Predict-Observe-Explain- Conclusion)教學與分組合作學習(Cooperative Learning)模式，對國二「原子與分子」單元學習成效的影響，同時亦探討校內教師社群對本教學模式共同備課之參與度調查，以及實驗組學生接受POEC與分組合作學習教學後的感受情形。本研究採準實驗研究設計，研究對象為研究者任教學校之二個國二班級，其中一班為實驗組，以研究者所屬校內教師社群所開發之POEC與分組合作學習模式進行教學；另一班為控制組，以傳統講述式教學法教學。教學單元為國二上學期理化科，第六章原子與分子單元，受課堂數為6節課。 本研究之研究工具包含「原子與分子單元測驗卷」、「教師對POEC與分組合作學習共同備課參與度問卷」、「學生對POEC與分組合作學習感受問卷」以及半結構式晤談資料。將測驗卷前、後測結果進行量化分析，了解實驗組與控制組學生經過不同教學法後的學習成效；再進行延宕測及半結構式晤談以了解實驗組學生在「原子與分子」單元學習的情形，之後整理學生在學習感受問卷的填答結果，以了解學生對於接受POEC與分組合作學習模式的學習感受。 研究結果發現：一、在整體比較方面，實驗組與對照組於「原子與分子」單元後測及進步分數統計均達顯著差異，表示POEC與分組合作學習模式較講述式教學更能夠顯著提升學習成效且澄清迷思概念。二、同組內不同學習成就學生比較方面，兩組個別組內高分、中分與低分三群學生進步分數幅度並未達到顯著差異。三、兩組間相同學習成就學生之間的比較來看，高分群進步分數無顯著差異，但中分以及低分群進步分數中皆有顯著差異，顯示採取POEC與分組合作學習模式對中成就以及低成就學生學習成效有明顯改善。四、建議教師以此模式推廣之其他單元之教學。五、大部分的學生喜歡POEC與分組合作學習模式，且確實能提升班級的學習效果。 根據上述結論，本研究做出相關建議，作為現階段國中科學探究教學與未來研究之參考。

The purpose of this study was to explore: 1. the influence of the teaching strategy of POEC (prediction-observation-explanation-conclusion) and the cooperative learning approach for the unit “Atom and Molecule” on eighth graders’ learning effects; 2. the participation of the teacher professional learning community in collaborative lesson planning for this teaching-learning model; and 3. the attitude of students in the experimental group toward this model. The quasi-experimental method was adopted, with subjects comprising two classes of eighth graders in the junior high school where the researcher teaches. One class was used as the experimental group, undergoing the cooperative learning approach and the POEC teaching strategy developed by the teacher professional learning community of the school, while the other class was designated as the control group with the traditional teaching method. The teaching unit was Unit Six “Atom and Molecule” of the physics-chemistry course for the first semester of the eighth grade in junior high school. There were 6 sessions in total for teaching this unit.

The research tools included: “Atom and Molecule Learning Test”, “Questionnaire of Teachers’ Participation in the Collaborative Lesson Planning for the POEC Teaching Strategy and Cooperative Learning”, “Questionnaire of Students’ Attitude toward the POEC Teaching Strategy and Cooperative Learning”, as well as a semi-structured interview. Both the pre-test and post-test were conducted, with the results quantitatively analyzed to understand the learning effects of both groups that received different teaching methods. A retention-test and semi-structured interviews were later performed to understand how well the students in the experimental group learned material from the “Atom and Molecule” unit. In the end, the results of the questionnaires of students’ attitude toward the POEC teaching strategy and cooperative learning were collected and analyzed.

The research findings were as follows: 1. In general, the difference in the “Atom and Molecule” unit post-test scores and the progress in scores between the experiment group and the control group reached a significant level, indicating that the POEC teaching strategy and the cooperative learning approach can better elevate students’ learning effect and their understanding of complex science concepts than the traditional teaching method. 2. The different progress in scores among high-achievers, intermediate-achievers and low-achievers in each group did not reach a significant level. 3. As for the equivalents of both groups, the high-achievers of both groups did not show significant differences in the progress of their scores while the intermediate-achievers and the low-achievers between the two groups exhibited a significant difference in the progress of their scores, suggesting that the POEC teaching strategy and the cooperative learning approach help to improve the learning effects of the intermediate-achievers and low-achievers. 4. It is suggested that teachers adopt and promote the POEC teaching strategy and the cooperative approach in the teaching of other units. 5. Most students liked the POEC teaching and the cooperative learning approach, and they could enhance the learning effects of the whole class.

Based on above findings, suggestions are proposed at the conclusion of this study to serve as a reference for the improvement of current junior high school science teaching, as well as for relevant research in the future.