東眼山自然教育中心執行戶外教學方案之評估─以「森林水故鄉」為例

Abstract

本研究旨在評估東眼山自然教育中心戶外教學方案之「森林水故鄉」課程，瞭解此課程之執行現況、參與學童的學習成效以及參與教師對課程之想法與意見。本研究以量化資料為主，採用前實驗設計裡的單組前測─後測設計，透過前測問卷與後測問卷瞭解參與學童之學習成效以及其對戶外教學的想法與期待。除此之外，以質化資料為輔，進行「森林水故鄉」課程觀察以瞭解學童參與戶外教學的情形，並且於課程結束後訪談學校教師，瞭解教師對「森林水故鄉」課程的想法與相關建議。

研究結果顯示，參與「森林水故鄉」課程之學童在知識上的表現具有顯著提升，且女生的知識學習成效顯著高於男生；態度方面則並未達到顯著提升，但學童在前測的得分平均數已趨近滿分，顯示學童在參加戶外教學前已有良好的態度；學童在行為方面也有顯著提升，且學童對學校領域的不同喜好在行為學習成效上具有顯著差異。整體而言，大部分的學童喜歡這次的戶外教學，覺得課程難易度適中，但覺得戶外教學的時間太短，戶外教學的地點太遠。此外，大部分的學童表示願意再次參加東眼山自然教育中心所舉辦的戶外教學活動，以及類似此型態的戶外教學活動。教師訪談中，每位教師都對「森林水故鄉」戶外教學課程表示肯定，但也針對事前的聯繫狀況、課程內容與教學方式給予一些建議。

本研究依據結果提出結論與建議，以提供東眼山自然教育中心執行「森林水故鄉」戶外教學課程之參考。This study focused on the implementation of the outdoor education program, “Forest Reservoir” of DongYuanShan Nature Center. The research focuses included the circumstance in the center’s curricula, students’ learning performance and teachers’ ideas and opinions. This study took one-group pretest-posttest design, which was a quantitative study. By taking both pretest and posttest questionnaires, participated students’ learning performances and expectations were thus known. Besides, qualitative methods, such as observation and teachers’ interviews, were applied to know how students understand the curricula as well as what ideas and suggests teachers had.

After the program, “Forest Reservoir,” most students scored higher significantly compared their pretest results in knowledge aspect. And girls’ results were higher significantly than the one of boys’. While for the attitude aspect, there was no significant difference, for student’ pretest scores in attitude were already high, which showed students had good attitudes before their participation. Students also showed a significant increase in their behavior aspect.

Overall, most students enjoyed the program and felt comfortable in dealing with the difficulties in the program. However, some students expressed that the time for the program was short and the location of the center was far. Furthermore, most students also expressed their strong willingness to participate similar outdoor education programs in DongYuanShan Nature Center in the future. Teachers’ interviews also showed positive feedback for the program, "Forest Reservoir." They also provided some suggestions for contact condition in advance, program and teaching methods. The results and suggestion based on the study findings could provide DongYuanShan Nature Center as the reference for its program refinement.