臺北市用水人水素養調查

Abstract

本研究採量化問卷調查法，瞭解臺北市用水人水素養，水素養包含水知識、水態度及水行為三個構面，除調查抽樣對象對於水素養表現外，另亦調查其個人用水習慣及對自來水/瓶裝水觀感，並探討臺北市用水人對水知識、水態度及水行為現況於其間相關性，及個人背景與個人用水習慣、水素養存在之關聯性。 本研究工具經專家審查及表面效度分析後完成「臺北市用水人水素養之調查問卷」，包含人口背景資料、水知識、水態度、水行為、個人用水習慣及自來水/瓶裝水觀感等六部分。研究母群體為18歲以上之臺北市用水人，以便利抽樣方式進行線上問卷資料收集，共計完成1,113份有效樣本作為後續描述性與推論式統計分析。 分析結果顯示僅37.5%民眾於過去半年來從媒體獲得自來水訊息，其中主要為電視(25.34%)；在家飲水習慣部分，45.73%民眾飲用過濾並煮沸的自來水，33.06%飲用煮沸自來水，15.72%民眾飲用過濾自來水；外出飲水習慣以從家裡帶水最多(48.88%)，其次為自備杯具裝飲水機的水(33.96%)。39.17%民眾過去半年未飲用瓶裝水，36.21%民眾每週喝1~2瓶瓶裝水；淋浴時開水龍頭時間以6~15分鐘最多(55.62%)。整體而言，推論民眾認為自來水便宜、健康、便利、安全，另也認為瓶裝水口感較佳、乾淨、水質較好。 分析結果顯示臺北市用水人在水知識整體表現良好，在地水資源知識向度，男性優於女性，年紀大優於年紀輕，另外水態度整體呈現亦屬良好，在對臺北市自來水品質的認知向度，男性優於女性，教育程度高優於較低；在水危機意識向度則女性優於男性，年紀大優於年輕族群；在水責任向度年長者表現優於年輕族群。水行為整體呈現亦屬良好，年紀大優於年輕族群，專科學歷表現優於大學學歷。 另研究發現民眾在水知識與水態度二者間呈現顯著正相關，而水態度與水行為呈現顯著正相關，水知識與水行為亦為顯著正相關；水知識之在地水資源知識向度與水態度之臺北市自來水品質認知向度呈現顯著中度相關。綜此研究，推動在地水資源教育能提升民眾對自來水品質認知態度，亦可藉此建立民眾對自來水供水品質的信心。The purpose of this study was to survey the water literacy of Taipei City tap water users. The survey questionnaire, an instrument design to evaluate water literacy among Taipei City tap water users, was used to address research questions concerning user subpopulation including: gender, age, education, residence, occupation related to tap water; users’ behaviors about water, such as: drinking habit at home/ go out, drinking quantity of bottled water and time they spent in shower; users’ perspective on tap water and bottled water. There were 1,113 respondents to the research questionnaire. It was indicated that only 37.5% of people have seen the tap water information from the media in the past 6 months, and the major source was television, about 25.34%. At home, there is 45.73% of people drink filtered and boiled tap water, 33.06% of people drink boiled tap water, and 15.72% of people drink filtered tap water. Going out, there is 48.88% of people drink water which they take from home, and 33.96% people drink water from the water dispenser. There is 39.17% of people didn’t drink any bottled water in the previous 6 months, and 36.21% of people drink 1 to 2 bottled water per week. There is 55.62% of people take a shower around 6 to 15 minutes. In general, people think that tap water is cheaper, healthier, more convenient, and safer than bottled water. They think that bottled water is tastier, cleaner and better quality than tap water. The general public showed a good level of knowledge, attitude and behavior of water. In general, men, older people, high education people have better scores than others. There was a significant difference between knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. There was positive medium correlation between the knowledge of local water resource and the attitudes toward the understanding for the Taipei tap water, so the emphasis on the local tap water education to the public is an essential way to build the public confidence to the tap water.