聚(丙烯酸/丙烯醯胺)/飛灰複合水膠的合成和性質研究

Abstract

本論文為製備兩種陰離子型的高吸水性水膠，polyacrylic acid/polyacryl amide ( P(AA/AM) )和polyacrylic acid/polyacryl amide/fly ash ( P(AA/AM)/FA)，起始劑為ammmonium persulfate (APS )，交聯劑為N,N’methylene bisacrylamide (MBA)，使用FT-IR作結構鑑定，樣品表面孔洞透過SEM觀察，影響反應的參數包括：單體比例、起始劑劑量、交聯劑劑量、反應溫度和飛灰比例，接著浸泡到純水和鹽水及各種不同環境中測其吸水率。並測試兩種水膠的機械性質，包含抗壓強度和乘載壓力下吸水率(AUL)。 接著評估P(AA/AM)/FA水膠加到水泥漿和水泥砂漿中作為自養護劑時，添加劑量、飛灰比例和粒徑大小是否合宜，於水泥漿中探討其水化程度、圓盤裂縫和凝結時間；水泥砂漿中則探討水分重量損失、保水率、抗壓強度、內部濕度和乾縮量。 實驗結果顯示，在最佳反應條件下，P(AA/AM)/FA水膠在純水中的吸水率為386（g/g），0.1M NaCl(aq) 和0.1M CaCl2(aq)的吸水率分別為56、26（g/g）。抗壓強度為47.5(Kgf/cm2)。 將P(AA/AM)/FA水膠加入水泥砂漿中當自養護劑，最佳劑量、粒徑大小和飛灰比例分別為0.2(wt%)、0.082(mm)和10(wt%)時，對水泥砂漿及水泥漿中的重量損失、抗壓強度，內部濕度、乾縮量和圓盤裂縫與控制組比較均提升效能。

This main goal of thesis is to prepare two anionic superabsorbent hydrogel, polyacrylic acid / polyacryl amide ( P(AA/AM) ) and polyacrylic acid / polyacryl amide / fly ash ( P(AA/AM)/FA ). Ammmonium persulfate ( APS) and N,N’methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) were used as an initiator and crosslinking agent, respectively. Using FT-IR to identify structure, surface porosity is observed by SEM. The parameters what could be effected experiment are monomer ratio, initiator dosage, crosslinker dosage, reaction temperature and proportion of fly ash. We measure water absorbency of hydrogel in water, saline solution and variety of different situation and then test the mechanical properties, including compressive strength and water absorption under load (AUL). We evaluate if P(AA/AM)/FA hydrogel whose additive quantity, proportion of fly ash and particle size is reasonablely applied to the grout and cement mortar as a self-curing agent. Then we researched hydration degree, cracking index, and setting time in grout. We calculated weight-loss, water retention,compressive strength, internal humidity, and drying shrinkage in cement mortar. The result indicate that P(AA/AM)/FA hydrogel in the optimum reaction condition, the water absorbency is 386 g/g in water, and 56, 26 g/g in 0.1M NaCl(aq) and 0.1M CaCl2(aq), repectively. The compressive strength is 47.5 (Kgf / cm2). When we add P(AA/AM)/FA hydrogel into mortar as self-curing reagent, the optimum dosage, particle size and proportion of fly ash is 0.2 wt%, 0.082 mm and 10 wt%, respectively, in this condition, improve the performance of weight-loss, compressive strength, internal humidity, drying shrinkage and craking formation. All the performance is better than the control group without P(AA/AM)/FA hydrogel.