以二階段模型分析埤塘鳥調公民科學計畫參與者之行為
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2018
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Abstract
透過公民科學調查，能以較低的成本獲得大範圍的科學研究資料，用以實際的解決環境問題。而參與者的年資和所獲資料的品質成正比，故如何讓志工願意長期參與公民科學計畫是非常重要的。本研究以二階段模型和社會網絡為理論依據，採用開放式問卷和深入訪談法，蒐集並歸納參與過2003年起持續迄今的桃園埤塘冬季鳥類調查計畫(以下簡稱埤塘鳥調)的志工們，長期投入親環境行動背後的影響因素。
依據本研究結果，認為二階段模型可以解釋埤塘鳥調參與行動。其中感覺嚴重性、有效性的信念、可行性評估皆為主要影響參與者們的重要變項。而對環境問題嚴重性的覺知、採取環境行動的效能感，是許多志工投入參與的動力來源。在分析過程中，進一步於歸納出社會網絡關係、歸屬與貢獻、學習與成長等三類變項，認為這些變項能補足二階段模型中顯少提及之社會性需求層面。其中，與一般志願服務不同，在參與中獲得新知是公民科學計畫的特色。歸屬與貢獻、社會網絡關係兩個變項，在重視連結與集體意識的亞洲社會裡，扮演了極重要的影響作用。故對二階段模型提出修正，新增社會性需求變項，以解釋埤塘鳥調公民科學參與行為。
A wide range of scientific research data can be obtained in a lower cost by citizen science. We can solve environmental problems by these basic research. But participants’ experience play a big role in the quality of the data. So, how to make the volunteers are willing to participate in the citizen science project for a long time is very important. This study explores the influencing factors behind the long-term involvement of volunteers of the Wintering Bird Survey Program in Taoyuan’s Farm Ponds (hereinafter referred to as “Bird Survey in TFP”), which has been in existence since 2003. The study’s theory based on the two-phase model and social networking and was used qualitative research methods, through open-ended questionnaires and semi-structured deep interviews to collect data. By the results of this study, we believed that the two-phase model can explain the involvement of Bird Survey in TFP. Perceived seriousness, belief in the effectiveness, and feasibility evaluation, these are important variables. Perceived seriousness and belief in the effectiveness are the major motivation for many volunteers to participate. In the process of analysis, my research was further summarized these three new variables: social networking, attribution and contribution, learning and growth to improve the model. These are social demand variables, that seldom be mentionedin original model. Difference between citizen science programs and general volunteer services, is to gain new knowledge. It can be as similar as a learning process. We found these two variables, attribution and social networking, is very powerful in the Asian society that hold connection and collective consciousness in high regard. Therefore, the original model is proposed to be revised. We bring new social demand variables in it, to explain the participation behavior of Bird Survey in TFP.
A wide range of scientific research data can be obtained in a lower cost by citizen science. We can solve environmental problems by these basic research. But participants’ experience play a big role in the quality of the data. So, how to make the volunteers are willing to participate in the citizen science project for a long time is very important. This study explores the influencing factors behind the long-term involvement of volunteers of the Wintering Bird Survey Program in Taoyuan’s Farm Ponds (hereinafter referred to as “Bird Survey in TFP”), which has been in existence since 2003. The study’s theory based on the two-phase model and social networking and was used qualitative research methods, through open-ended questionnaires and semi-structured deep interviews to collect data. By the results of this study, we believed that the two-phase model can explain the involvement of Bird Survey in TFP. Perceived seriousness, belief in the effectiveness, and feasibility evaluation, these are important variables. Perceived seriousness and belief in the effectiveness are the major motivation for many volunteers to participate. In the process of analysis, my research was further summarized these three new variables: social networking, attribution and contribution, learning and growth to improve the model. These are social demand variables, that seldom be mentionedin original model. Difference between citizen science programs and general volunteer services, is to gain new knowledge. It can be as similar as a learning process. We found these two variables, attribution and social networking, is very powerful in the Asian society that hold connection and collective consciousness in high regard. Therefore, the original model is proposed to be revised. We bring new social demand variables in it, to explain the participation behavior of Bird Survey in TFP.
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公民科學, 二階段模型, 社會網絡, Citizen science, Two-Phase Model, Social networking