改良磺化三聚氰胺甲醛樹脂之合成與性質分析

Abstract

強塑劑是製備高性能混凝土的重要組成。本研究利用三聚氰胺、甲 醛、亞硫酸氫鈉進行加成、磺酸化反應，所得之單體再與氯醋酸鈉進行接羧縮根、縮合及重組反應。改變接羧縮根反應時的pH 值、溫度、時間、及氯醋酸鈉與亞硫酸氫鈉的莫耳比例，得到一系列不同分子量之改良磺化三聚氰胺甲醛樹脂（MSMF），並以FT-IR、1H-NMR、13C-NMR 來鑑定其結構。 本研究探討MSMF 之重量平均分子量（Mw）與酸根比例對水泥漿體之 擴散直徑、坍度維持、視黏度、表面電位之影響，並與傳統的SMF 及商用羧酸系HP100、磺酸系HPC1000 進行比較。 研究結果顯示經過改質MSMF 的水泥漿體流動性優於SMF，可減少坍 損，酸根比例接近的MSMF，Mw 較大者，所測得水泥漿體流動性與坍度維持較佳，視黏度較小，漿體表面電位有愈大的趨勢。分子量相近的MSMF，隨著羧酸根的比例增加，漿體的流動性逐漸變好。Superplasticizer is one important component in making the high performance concrete.In the research,melamine、formaldehyde and sodium bisulfite proceeded the addition,sulfonation,and the monomers and chloracetic acid sodium peoceeded the reaction,polymerization and rearrangement reaction.The change of reaction condition i.e., pH value, temperature, time and chloracetic acid sodium and sodium bisulfite molar ratio made a series of different molecular weight of modified sulfonated melamine-formaldehyde resin （ MSMF ） .The structures of the synthesized superplasticizer was conformed and determined by FT-IR、1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectra. The effects of the molecular weight（Mw）and the acid ratio of MSMF can influence the properties of the cement pastes such as the initial spread diameter,lower slump loss,apparent viscosity and the zeta potential of particles.The properties were compared to the commercial superplasticizers,i.e.,SMF,HP100 and HPC1000. The results indicated that the cement pastes containing MSMF shows better fluidity than SMF.While MSMF with the approximate acid ratio,if Mw value is large, the cement pastes show better fluidity , lower slump loss, lower apparent viscosity and larger zeta potential. While MSMF with the approximate Mw value,if acid ratio value is large, the cement pastes show better fluidity.