以計畫行為理論探討臺中農民耕作環境行為之研究
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2018
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安全友善的農業耕作行為，為近年來國外先進國家所採行的農耕方式，也是未來農業永續發展的重要趨勢。然而目前國內農業生產多採以慣行農業為主要耕作模式，農民採用友善環境的耕作行為並不多。臺灣中部地區係為本島重要農業生產地區之一，具有丘陵及平原特色，且兼具溫帶及亞熱帶氣候特性，適合於多種農作物，例如蔬果之栽培，產品特色豐富而多樣化。本研究係運用Ajzen（1991）所提出的計畫行為理論模式為基礎，來探討臺中農民耕作是否符合環境友善行為。本研究主要目的在計畫行為理論模式之運用下，探討計畫行為理論模式運用在臺灣中部地區農民耕作環境行為；在研究中評估信念、知覺行為控制、主觀規範、態度對於農民農業耕作行為意圖之影響，進而探討農民友善環境行為意圖，對於環境友善耕作行為之影響。研究共發放650份問卷，回收615份，回收率為94.61%，扣除無效問卷及遺漏問卷，有效問卷為526份。研究結果顯示農民的行為意圖確實會受到評估信念、知覺行為控制、主觀規範、態度影響，而研究也驗證10條直接與間接影響之路徑；其中發現評估信念對主觀規範之影響並不顯著，此一結果可能與農民參與相關規範組織之比例及受政府相關制度規範之程度有關。依照此一結果提出相關建議，用以建立農民在符合規範之情形下，以友善環境之耕作方法，從事農業生產行為之生產模式，並針對相關影響因子做後續深入研究，以作為未來推廣教育之切入點及有效途徑。
Safe and friendly agricultural farming behaviors are detected to be crucial in recent years. Therefore, many advanced countries adopted eco-friendly farming approaches. However, at present, the domestic agricultural productions are based on the conventional farming as the main agricultural mode, and seldom to adopt the friendly environmental cultivation. Taichung, one of the important agricultural production areas, has been well known as rich and diverse fruits and vegetables in cultivation. With splendid opportunities of productive characteristics on hilly and plain’s farmlands, this area is suitable for a variety of crops within temperate and subtropical climate regimes. Based on the Theory of Planning Behavior (TPB) proposed by Ajzen (1991), this study explores the environmental behavior of farmers in Taichung Regions. The main purpose of this study is to study the application of the TPB, to explore the samples in the cultivation on environmentally friendly behaviors in Taichung’s farmers. This study will be explored the impact of assessment on evaluative beliefs, perceived behavior control, subjective norms, and attitudes on their farming practices for behavioral intention as well as their behaviors. A total of 650 questionnaires were distributed and 615 were collected, with a recovery rate of 94.61%. After deducting invalid questionnaires and missing questionnaires, 526 valid questionnaires were validated.The results show that farmers' intention of behavior is indeed influenced by assessment belief, control of perceived behavior, subjective norms and attitudes, and the study also verifies 10 direct and indirect pathways of influence; it is found that the influence of evaluative beliefs on their subjective norms is not significant. A result may be related to the proportion of farmers participating in relevant normative organizations and the degree of regulation by the relevant government agencies. According to this result, some suggestions are put forward to establish the mode of production of agricultural production practices in a friendly environment and in accordance with the norms of farmers, and make follow-up studies on the relevant factors so as to promote education in the future Entry point and effective way.
Safe and friendly agricultural farming behaviors are detected to be crucial in recent years. Therefore, many advanced countries adopted eco-friendly farming approaches. However, at present, the domestic agricultural productions are based on the conventional farming as the main agricultural mode, and seldom to adopt the friendly environmental cultivation. Taichung, one of the important agricultural production areas, has been well known as rich and diverse fruits and vegetables in cultivation. With splendid opportunities of productive characteristics on hilly and plain’s farmlands, this area is suitable for a variety of crops within temperate and subtropical climate regimes. Based on the Theory of Planning Behavior (TPB) proposed by Ajzen (1991), this study explores the environmental behavior of farmers in Taichung Regions. The main purpose of this study is to study the application of the TPB, to explore the samples in the cultivation on environmentally friendly behaviors in Taichung’s farmers. This study will be explored the impact of assessment on evaluative beliefs, perceived behavior control, subjective norms, and attitudes on their farming practices for behavioral intention as well as their behaviors. A total of 650 questionnaires were distributed and 615 were collected, with a recovery rate of 94.61%. After deducting invalid questionnaires and missing questionnaires, 526 valid questionnaires were validated.The results show that farmers' intention of behavior is indeed influenced by assessment belief, control of perceived behavior, subjective norms and attitudes, and the study also verifies 10 direct and indirect pathways of influence; it is found that the influence of evaluative beliefs on their subjective norms is not significant. A result may be related to the proportion of farmers participating in relevant normative organizations and the degree of regulation by the relevant government agencies. According to this result, some suggestions are put forward to establish the mode of production of agricultural production practices in a friendly environment and in accordance with the norms of farmers, and make follow-up studies on the relevant factors so as to promote education in the future Entry point and effective way.
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計畫行為理論, 環境友善行為, 臺中市, 知覺行為控制, theory of planned behavior, environmental behavior, Taichung City, perceived behavior control