明治時代日本庭園史先驅小澤圭次郎之造園觀
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2021
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台灣雖研究近代日本庭園史的人極少，但是研究台灣近代歷史往往是與日本歷史密不可分。因此若要研究台灣近代庭園史的話，會必提到近代日本庭園歷史，而小澤圭次郎就是日本此時期的重要人物之一。小澤圭次郎（1842-1932）為日本近代庭園史學家，同時也是庭園設計者。吸收了西洋的文化思想也學習過英學的小澤圭次郎，卻不同於時代氛圍下追求西化風潮，反而專注於研究日本古代造園書的內容以及日本庭園的歷史。然而現今研究者熟知小澤為近代庭園史研究者，但同樣作為造園家對於設置庭園作法的研究卻僅提到小澤的造園為師法自然，其深入的研究造園手法也極少人有討論。加上從他的庭園作品之解說中，內容特別提出以日本古代造園書《山水並野形圖》與《作庭記》來設計庭園，似乎必須理解此兩本書才能夠具體說明小澤的造園想法。
因此，本論文試圖透過小澤圭次郎所研讀的日本古代造園書《山水並野形圖》以及《作庭記》，來理解小澤對於日本庭園的造園之想法。首先，先闡明小澤圭次郎當時所認識的日本造園書《山水並野形圖》以及《作庭記》之內容與其重視度，並分析小澤將《山水並野形圖》《作庭記》所重視的造園的方式使用在自己作品中，進而了解小澤圭次郎造園觀之具體想法。
小澤透過收集與研究這些古代造園書中，認同《山水並野形圖》與《作庭記》其中的造園方針，並在造園中試圖依照相同的方針執行。換句話說，小澤圭次郎的造園觀就是小澤對這兩本書理解之後的成果。
Keijiro Ozawa（1842-1932）was a Japanese garden historian, also a landscape gardening designer. In the seventeenth century, Japan absorbed various cultural and ideological influences after undergoing various reforms. In contrast with the general tendency towards Westernization, Keijiro Ozawa focused on the content of ancient landscape gardening books and the history of Japanese gardens. Nowadays most researchers know Ozawa only as a researcher of Japanese garden history. However, aside from Ozawa’s research mentioning his gardening philosophies being centered around learning from nature, his own career as a landscape gardening designer and his in-depth research on gardening techniques is rarely discussed. In addition, his works specifically dictate that the garden should be designed in accordance with the ancient Japanese gardening books “The Sansui Narabini Nogata No Zu (山水並野形圖)” and “The Sakuteiki (作庭記)”. To be able to specifically explain Ozawa's gardening ideas, these two books must be understood thoroughly. Therefore, in order to understand Ozawa’s thoughts on Japanese gardening through “The Sansui Narabini Nogata No Zu” and “The Sakuteiki”, this thesis attempts to clarify the content and importance of these texts in the manner that Ozawa approached them at that time, and analyze the methods of gardening from both books used in his own works that Ozawa wanted to emphasize, to better understand the specific ideas behind Keijiro Ozawa’s gardening philosophy. As the evidence in his collection and research of these ancient landscape gardening books, Ozawa approve of the gardening guidelines in “The Sansui Narabini Nogata No Zu” and “The Sakuteiki”, and tried to implement the same guidelines in his gardening work. In other words, Keijiro Ozawa's philosophies towards gardening are the result of his understanding of these two books.
Keijiro Ozawa（1842-1932）was a Japanese garden historian, also a landscape gardening designer. In the seventeenth century, Japan absorbed various cultural and ideological influences after undergoing various reforms. In contrast with the general tendency towards Westernization, Keijiro Ozawa focused on the content of ancient landscape gardening books and the history of Japanese gardens. Nowadays most researchers know Ozawa only as a researcher of Japanese garden history. However, aside from Ozawa’s research mentioning his gardening philosophies being centered around learning from nature, his own career as a landscape gardening designer and his in-depth research on gardening techniques is rarely discussed. In addition, his works specifically dictate that the garden should be designed in accordance with the ancient Japanese gardening books “The Sansui Narabini Nogata No Zu (山水並野形圖)” and “The Sakuteiki (作庭記)”. To be able to specifically explain Ozawa's gardening ideas, these two books must be understood thoroughly. Therefore, in order to understand Ozawa’s thoughts on Japanese gardening through “The Sansui Narabini Nogata No Zu” and “The Sakuteiki”, this thesis attempts to clarify the content and importance of these texts in the manner that Ozawa approached them at that time, and analyze the methods of gardening from both books used in his own works that Ozawa wanted to emphasize, to better understand the specific ideas behind Keijiro Ozawa’s gardening philosophy. As the evidence in his collection and research of these ancient landscape gardening books, Ozawa approve of the gardening guidelines in “The Sansui Narabini Nogata No Zu” and “The Sakuteiki”, and tried to implement the same guidelines in his gardening work. In other words, Keijiro Ozawa's philosophies towards gardening are the result of his understanding of these two books.
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小澤圭次郎, 日本近代庭園史, 山水並野形圖, 作庭記, Keijiro Ozawa, Japanese garden history, The Sansui Narabini Nogata No Zu, The Sakuteiki