自行車坐墊位置變化對女性的下肢關節運動學與運動表現的影響

Abstract

目的：正確調整騎乘者的騎乘姿勢與結構調整，會讓傷害的產生減少、 達到更好的運動表現，因此藉由坐墊位置的調整，並建立找出適合女 性騎乘的最佳坐墊位置。故本研究的目的為針對一般女性改變自行車 不同坐墊位置對運動學、動力學、肌肉活化、踩踏效益的影響。方法： 招募14名女性，透過動作分析系統、踏板量測儀、肌電儀分別探討不 同坐墊位置 (上下、前後) 共九種情境之影響。統計方法採用二因子重 複量數變異數分析，顯著水準訂為α＝.05。結果：坐墊位置越高膝、 踝關節活動度範圍會越大，髖關節未達顯著差異；臀大肌、股二頭肌 與腓腸肌越大有顯著差異；踩踏效益越差。坐墊位置越後面，各關節 活動度範圍越大，垂直踩踏衝量越大。結論：建議中間坐墊位置比較 適合一般女性之騎乘。

Purpose: The correct riding posture would reduce damage, and bring a better cycling performance. Hence, the research aims to find out the best saddle position for the female by adjusting the position of the bike saddle. The study focus on how the different positions of bike saddle for the female will influence on kinematics, kinetics, EMG and the pedaling efficiency.

Method: We recruited 14 healthy female in this study. We observed different of nine paddle positions (high to low; forward to backward) on the kinematics, kinetics, muscle activation and pedaling efficiency. The repeated measure two-way ANOVA were used to determine the difference between nine positions. Significance level was set at α＝.05.

Results: The higher the paddle position is, the more range of motion of the knee joint andankle joint will be, while there is no significant difference on the hip joint. Second, the subjects with stronger Gluteus maximus, Biceps fermoris and Gastrocnemius have worse efficiency of paddle forces. Last, the backer the paddle position is, the bigger the range of motion and impulse will be.

Conclusion: The middle paddle position is ideal for average female.