排球扣球攔網與空手攔網之生物力學分析

Abstract

前言：排球運動中的攔網技術，其重要性已不可同日而語，隨著規則修定，無論是技術的精進或是對比賽勝負的影響，皆扮演舉足輕重的角色。本研究的目的：藉由收集生物力學的參數，比較排球選手執行原地扣球攔網與空手攔網的動作。方法：本研究實驗參與者為8名女性排球選手，執行排球攔網動作，以8部Vicon 高速攝影機（250Hz）及兩塊測力板（1000Hz）收集扣球攔網與空手攔網兩動作的運動學及動力學資料。結果：在起跳期中，扣球攔網和空手攔網間下肢關節髖關節、膝關節及踝關節的各項參數皆無顯著差異。在落地瞬間及落地期空手攔網矢狀面下肢關節活動中，髖關節呈現較大的屈曲角度。在最大垂直地面反作用力瞬間，起跳期下肢關節角度、角速度無顯著差異；在落地期中，空手攔網下肢髖關節角度、角速度顯著大於扣球攔網。兩動作在騰空期最大重心高度上無顯著差異。在標準化最大垂直地面反作用力上，起跳期沒有差異，而在落地期則空手攔網顯著大於扣球攔網。結論：排球選手在執行扣球攔網和空手攔網落地時會有不同的落地方式，扣球攔網會以較為僵直的方式落地，空手攔網則會使用髖關節進行落地緩衝。Volleyball Block jump is an important skill in the volleyball competition, and it can't be compared in past. With the revised rules of the game, whether technology upgrade or affect the outcome of the game, all play an important role. Purpose：The aim of this study was to investigate the biomechanical analysis of volleyball unopposed and opposed block jump. Method：Eight female volleyball players performed unopposed and opposed block jump on two force plates (1000Hz) to collect the kinetic data, and Vicon motion analysis system (8 cameras, 250Hz) to collect the kinematics data. Result：In take-off period, there were no difference in hip, knee and lank every parameters. In the initial ground contact and during landing period, unopposed volleyball block jump exhibited greater hip flexion angles.In the peak vertical ground reaction force, there were no difference in angle and angular velocity in take-off period, but unopposed volleyball jump exhibited greater hip angle and hip angular velocity during landing period. There were no differences in Maximum height of center mass. In the peak vertical ground reaction force, unopposed volleyball block jump exhibited greater than opposed. Conclusion：Unopposed and opposed volleyball block jump displayed difference strategies during landing. Unopposed utilized hip and knee joint motion to buffer, and opposed exhibited stiff motion.