臺灣民眾休閒性身體活動與體型發展之關聯性探討

Abstract

隨著科技的進步，改變了人們的生活習慣，現代人坐式生活型態的增加導致身體活動嚴重不足，然而目前對身體活動定義及標準繁多，到底哪一種身體活動量才是最適合我國民眾，在改善肥胖及不同體位上，故研究將不同休閒性身體活動量與不同體位同時納入分析，進一步釐清臺灣民眾不同休閒性身體活動量在預測不同體位之情形，本研究採橫斷面研究設計，藉由文獻分析找出休閒性身體活動不足與不同體位之間的關係，隨後引用國家衛生研究院2001、2005、2009及2013年，國民健康訪問調查資料庫進行次級資料分析，研究目的如下：一、探討不同年代休閒性身體活動量不足與不同體位盛行率趨勢；二、分析休閒性身體活動量不足與不同體位之關聯性；三、分析不同休閒性身體活動量在預測不同體位之差異性，研究以 IBM SPSS 22.0 統計套裝軟體進行描述性統計、單因子變異數分析、卡方檢定及非條件式邏輯斯迴歸分析等統計分析，所有統計檢定皆採雙尾檢定，以α= .05 為顯著水準進行統計考驗及分析。 本研究結果如下：一、臺灣民眾休閒性身體活動量不足盛行率有逐年下降趨勢；二、臺灣民眾肥胖盛行率有逐年上升趨勢；三、休閒性身體活動量不足與不同體位具相關性；四、定量的休閒性身體活動量在與不同體位之間的關聯比定性來得高。綜上所述，本研究發現休閒性身體活動量不足在不同標準下，與不同體位之間是具有差異的，休閒性身體活動量越不足，罹患過重及肥胖的風險也越高，若能持續推廣、提高臺灣民眾從事休閒性身體活動的意願，則能有效降低醫療支出上的負擔。

Globally, many person lifestyle changes resulted in insufficient physical activity and obesity. Physical activity in daily life can be categorized into four physical activities such as work, household, transport and leisure time. Exercise is a subset of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) that is planned, structured, and repetitive and has as a final or an intermediate objective the improvement or maintenance of physical function. The purpose of this study was to determine the association of leisure-time physical activity with growth development among Taiwanese adults.

We used a cross-sectional study design that data were from the database of the National Health Interview Survey in Taiwan in 2001, 2005, 2005, 2013 years by the National Health Research Institutes. The result of the data was analyzed by using IBM SPSS for Windows 22.0, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's chi-squared test, and Unconditional multiple logistic regression model were used to analyze the data. The results as the follows: 1.The prevalence of leisure-time physical inactivity for all adults is decreased in Taiwan. 2.The prevalence of obesity for all adults is increased in Taiwan. 3.The leisure-time physical inactivity was associated with growth development. 4.The leisure-time physical inactivity 750 kcal and 1000 kcal associated with BMI was better than another leisure-time physical inactivity.

On the study, we finding leisure-time physical inactivity have higher probability of suffering from obesity per week. If the people engaged in the promotion of leisure-time physical activity behavior, expectations can effectively reduce the burden of health care costs.