國民黨政府與黨外運動之拉鋸-以美麗島事件為中心

Abstract

本文探討國民黨與黨外運動之拉鋸，並以美麗島事件為中心。使用過去累積的研究成果、口述史資料、報紙、回憶錄、以及政府目前所公開的檔案，來研究這段歷史。首先討論美麗島事件前的台灣社會背景、國民黨政府開放的政治參與、以及事件前的政治衝突，接著是事件爆發以及國民黨政府採取的壓制手段。國民黨政府透過媒體對被捕者指控其涉嫌叛亂，並偵訊、及公開審判被告等手段，來對付黨外人士，許多不為人知的歷史都在檔案中顯露無遺。國民黨政府在美麗島事件後，宣布恢復民主選舉，透過選舉穩固政權的合法性，國民黨也未在1980年代的選舉中大規模敗選，顯示黨外在事件後的幾年中，仍有許多未開拓的大量票源。除此之外，面臨台灣充滿活力的社會，並爆發許多案件，國際情勢轉變，都使國民黨必須採取更為開放的態度來進行威權體制的政治改革與民主化。黨外也在事件後出現新的政治勢力，即受刑人家屬、辯護律師團、新生代雜誌編輯，增加了黨外運動的力量。以上都是本文探討的重點，而美麗島事件則是這一切問題的中心點，具有承先啟後的作用。This article discuesses KMT took counter measures against Dang-wai movement, and focus on the Formosa Incident. By making use of the research results of the past, oral history materials, newspapers, memoirs, and the archives published by the government to research this period of history. First discuessing the background of taiwan society before formosa incident, KMT government lift political participation,political conflicts before incident, then incident outbreaked and KMT government took measures to crush. Through mass media accused arrested persons were suspected of rebellion, KMT government against Dang-wai people by interrogating and judging defendants in a public trial, much unknown history are revealed from archives. KMT government announced will restore democratic election after formosa incident, through election to stable regime's legitimacy. KMT didn't suffer a serious defeat in 1980's election, what showed outside the party still have much votes were not opened up after formmosa incident for years. In addition, facing full of energy's taiwan society, and broke up many events, all forced KMT to take more open-minded to achieve authoritarian regime political reform and democratization. Dang wai growed new political force after incident, who were sentenced persons family members, counsels, new generation editors, increase Dang wai movement's power. The above is what this article discuesses, and formosa incident is a cener of all t his questions, which carries on the past heritage and open up the future.