缺血預處理對200公尺捷泳運動表現之影響

Abstract

目的：本研究旨在探討缺血預處理 (ischemic preconditioning, IPC) 對於游泳選手在200公尺捷泳運動表現之影響。方法：本研究招募13名高中以上之男性游泳選手。每位受試者依隨機交叉平衡之方式分別進行控制處理 (CON)，IPC處理 (加壓220 mmHg) 與SHAM處理 (加壓20 mmHg)，其中IPC與SHAM包含進行3個循環的5分鐘缺血與5分鐘再灌流。另外，在加壓前與後以及測驗前與後，均會量測血乳酸值、運動自覺努力強度和疼痛自覺程度，並全程使用近紅外線光譜儀監控肱三頭肌之肌肉氧飽和度。結果：不同實驗處理對於200公尺捷泳測驗的完成時間，皆無顯著差異 (IPC vs. SHAM vs. CON, 137  12 vs. 136  12 vs. 138  13秒, p> .05)。每50公尺分段的完成時間之間亦無顯著差異。3種實驗處理對於捷泳測驗後的血乳酸、運動自覺努力強度與疼痛自覺程度等指標，也無顯著差異。此外，IPC與其他實驗處理相比，無法影響運動過程中的肌肉氧飽和度指標。結論：IPC無法促進200公尺捷泳運動表現，建議未來研究可採用有氧代謝占比較高的長距離游泳，以檢驗IPC對於游泳表現的效果。Purpose: To investigate the effects of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on 200-m crawl swimming performance in swimmers. Methods: 13 male swimmers above senior high school level participated in this study. The swimmers were randomly assigned to 3 different treatments: control (CON), IPC (220 mmHg) or SHAM (20 mmHg). The IPC and SHAM involved 3 cycles of 5-minutes ischemia and 5-minutes reperfusion. In addition, the blood lactate concentration, rating of perceived exertion and visual analogue scale were measured before and after the treatments, as well as before and after the 200-m swimming test. The near infrared spectroscopy were used to monitor the muscle oxygen saturation of the triceps brachii at each treatment. Results: No significant difference in the time taken to complete the 200-m crawl swimming test was found among treatments (IPC vs. SHAM vs. CON, 137  12 vs. 136  12 vs. 138  13 s, p> .05), as well as in each 50-m split time. There were also no significant differences in the blood lactate concentration, rating of perceived exertion and visual analogue scale after the swimming test among treatments. Additionally, IPC did not have any effect on muscle oxygenation during swimming test compared to the other treatments. Conclusion: IPC has no ergogenic effect on 200-m crawl swimming performance. Further studies are needed to clarify the effects of IPC on long-distance swimming performance where aerobic energy dominates.