以整合型競技成功關鍵因子探究臺灣冰球運動發展策略

Abstract

冰球運動在臺灣1980年代開始有相關的活動，發展至近年已成為為國爭光的運動，但冰球運動在臺灣因為氣候因素仍屬相對人口參與較少的運動。而競技運動在一直以來都是運動領域學術上討論的焦點，競技成功關鍵因子分析競技運動發展策略卻較少使用在冬季運動項目上。故本研究透過使用包括De Bosscher等 (2006)、Green與Oakley (2001)、梁曉龍等 (2006) 提出的競技成功關鍵因子，共採計共十四點因子為依據，探討目前臺灣競技冰球的發展策略及面臨到的挑戰。本研究以單一研究個案取徑，蒐集政策文件和學術文獻資料，以及利用半結構式訪談法，訪談13名臺灣競技冰球重要關係人，最後以內容分析法整理相關資料。研究發現臺灣競技冰球的發展策略共計有8項高度重視因子，高度集中於國家隊體系的運營，基層發展則立基於由球員家庭自費支撐的俱樂部體系。然而臺灣冰球環境面臨巨大挑戰，中度重視之因子可以發現全臺僅五座冰場，其使用限制影響了訓練與舉辦賽事。輕度重視的因子在現今臺灣冰球界缺乏實質運動科學、運動禁藥的推動與落實。本研究結論指出，臺灣冰球運動展現了在環境劣勢下驚人的韌性，但其發展根基脆弱，深受結構性問題所困，在未來若新增基礎設施且持續強化現有策略，在冬季競技運動領域會有更亮眼的成就。Ice hockey has been present in Taiwan since the 1980s and has achieved international success in recent years, but it remains a niche sport with limited participation due to climatic factors. While the analysis of the key success factors in elite sports has been widely discussed, its application to winter sports, such as ice hockey, remains limited. It adopts a framework based on 14 critical success factors identified by De Bosscher et al. (2006), Green and Oakley (2001), and Liang Xiaolong et al. (2006). The purpose of this study is to examine the development strategies and challenges facing competitive ice hockey in Taiwan. Using a single-case study approach, the research collects policy documents, and data obtained through semi-structured interviews with 13 key stakeholders in Taiwanese competitive ice hockey. The collected data is analyzed using content analysis to provide insights. This study identifies eight key factors that are highly emphasized in the development strategy of ice hockey in Taiwan, with focus on the operation of the national team system. At the grassroots level, development is sustained by a club system, largely funded by players' families. However, there are still challenges, such as moderately emphasized factors that Taiwan only have five ice rinks, which limits training and competitions. Sports science and anti-doping measures are two factors that are slightly underemphasized factors. Despite its structural weaknesses, Taiwan's ice hockey community shows strong resilience. With improved infrastructure and continued strategic investment, the sport has the potential to achieve greater success in the winter sports sector.