社會化媒介對運動行為影響之研究－以台北市國中生為例

Abstract

本研究旨在探討社會化媒介對台北市國中生運動行為的影響。以台北市國中生為研究對象，採問卷調查法，以分層隨機抽樣的方式進行研究。於民國94年10月至民國94年12月發出760份的問卷，回收總問卷數為702份（92.37％），剔除無效問卷以後，有效問卷數為650份（92.59％）。利用描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、卡方檢定及集群分析等統計方法進行資料分析，主要研究結論如下： 一、台北市國中生最常從事的運動項目依序為籃球、散步、騎車。半數以上的學生未達到「運動333」標準。 二、不同的「性別」、「年級」、「運動性社團經驗」以及「運動代表隊經驗」的台北市國中生對運動行為有顯著差異性。 三、在社會化媒介因素統計的結果，發現影響台北市國中生運動行為的社會化媒介，依其影響程度，由高至低為同儕因素、學校因素、家庭因素、媒體因素、社區因素。 四、不同的「性別」、「年級」、「運動性社團經驗」以及「運動代表隊經驗」的台北市國中生對社會化媒介有顯著差異性。 五、不同集群類型的台北市國中生在「運動次數」、「運動時間」有顯著差異性。 根據研究之結論提出以下建議： 一、相關單位在研擬國中生運動計畫時，應該以同儕和學校為主。 二、有關單位在研擬國中生建立運動習慣策略時，應詳加考慮不同目標群體的人口統計特徵及其社會化媒介特性。

The purpose of this study was to discuss socialization agents (family, peers, school, community and mass media) factors of junior high school students in Taipei exercise behavior. The population of this study is junior high school students in Taipei. Data-collecting of the study was conducted by questionnaires; the sampling of the study was stratified random sampling. 760 questionnaires were distributed, 702 questionnaires were returned and 650 questionnaires were valid. Descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, chi-square, cluster, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe’s and Dunnett T3 were utilized to data-analyzing. The research results were: 1. Demographics: most of the respondents were females, the second grade, the high social and economic status of family, participated in sports club, not participated in school sports team. 2. Socialization agents factors: in compliance with the degree from high to low ,as peers, school, family, mass media and community. 3. Among the effect of demographic variables on exercise behavior, there were significant differences among sex, grade, participated in sports club and participated in school sports team. 4. Among the effect of demographic variables on socialization agents, there were significant differences among sex, grade, participated in sports club and participated in school sports team. 5. Among the effect of cluster variables on exercise behavior, there were significant differences among frequency and time. According to the research results, suggestions was as follows: 1. The author cogitates peers and school factors before setting a sports strategy for the adolescent. 2. The author cogitates the subjects’ demographic variables and socialization agents before setting a sports strategy for the adolescent.