空服員休閒參與、工作壓力及幸福感之研究－以長榮航空公司為例
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2012
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本研究目的為瞭解不同背景變項之空服員的休閒參與、工作壓力及幸福感之現況，並探討不同背景變項之空服員的工作壓力、休閒參與及幸福感之相關情形。本研究針對長榮航空2012年之現職國籍空服員進行休閒參與、工作壓力及幸福感問卷調查，以便利隨機取樣，於2012年3月1日至4月30日期間進行，回收有效問卷共計377份。主要研究發現為：一、長榮航空公司空服員之年齡大部分（93.4％）介於20～39間，大學學歷（75.6％）、未婚（68.7％）、無子女（79.6％）、服務年資1~5年（42.7％）、CA職等（39.8％）、近三個月平均飛時90~99小時（63.4％）、平均收入6~8萬（63.7％）、上班通勤時間30分鐘以內（42.7％）、最近一年就醫1~5次（61.5％）。二、空服員在休閒參與類型中，以「視聽活動」的參與程度最高，以「文化活動」的參與程度最低。三、長榮航空公司的空服員的整體工作壓力為中等程度偏高，最大的壓力來源來自於工作負荷、疲勞與睡眠，且長時間保持親切友善的工作內容，常造成身體疲倦與腰痠背痛。四、長榮航空公司空服員的幸福感受為中等程度偏低，顯示其幸福感受並不佳。五、空服員參與運動活動可有效降低工作負荷與焦慮感，且提高休閒參與的頻率可增進幸福感受，惟從事過多的視聽活動則會增加工作壓力與降低幸福感受。
The purpose of this study was to investigate leisure participation, working stress and subjective well-being of cabin crew working for EVA Air, and to compare the differences in individual background variables. During March and April 2012, a questionnaire survey was conducted by dispatching 400 questionnaires and 377 valid questionnaires to EVA cabin crew were retrieved. The results showed that most cabin crew were aged 20-39 years, had a college degree, were unmarried, did not have children, had been working for 1 to 5 years, held the position of cabin attendant, had an average of 90-99 flight hours, average salary of NT$60,001-80,000, less than 30 minutes of commuting time, and saw a doctor 1 to 5 times a year. The “audio-visual activity” scores were the highest and “cultural activity” scores were the lowest with regards to leisure participation. The cabin crew had high-medium working stress, with the major reasons being “workload”, “being weary of work” and “the quality of sleep”. In addition, working in hospitality for a long time leads to the crew feeling tired and causing back pain. The cabin crew had a medium-low score in subjective well-being, indicating that the personal happiness of the crew was not good. Playing sports and doing exercise can effectively reduce workload stress and anxiety, and increasing the frequency of leisure participation will enhance the cabin crew’s subjective well-being. However, the more audio-visual activities the crews takes part in, the heavier working stress they may feel, and the lower subjective well-being they will have.
The purpose of this study was to investigate leisure participation, working stress and subjective well-being of cabin crew working for EVA Air, and to compare the differences in individual background variables. During March and April 2012, a questionnaire survey was conducted by dispatching 400 questionnaires and 377 valid questionnaires to EVA cabin crew were retrieved. The results showed that most cabin crew were aged 20-39 years, had a college degree, were unmarried, did not have children, had been working for 1 to 5 years, held the position of cabin attendant, had an average of 90-99 flight hours, average salary of NT$60,001-80,000, less than 30 minutes of commuting time, and saw a doctor 1 to 5 times a year. The “audio-visual activity” scores were the highest and “cultural activity” scores were the lowest with regards to leisure participation. The cabin crew had high-medium working stress, with the major reasons being “workload”, “being weary of work” and “the quality of sleep”. In addition, working in hospitality for a long time leads to the crew feeling tired and causing back pain. The cabin crew had a medium-low score in subjective well-being, indicating that the personal happiness of the crew was not good. Playing sports and doing exercise can effectively reduce workload stress and anxiety, and increasing the frequency of leisure participation will enhance the cabin crew’s subjective well-being. However, the more audio-visual activities the crews takes part in, the heavier working stress they may feel, and the lower subjective well-being they will have.
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空服員, 休閒參與, 工作壓力, 幸福感, cabin crew, leisure participation, working stress, subjective well-being