跑步生物力學轉折點速度與無氧閾值速度之關聯
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2022
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前言：無氧閾值速度 (velocity at anaerobic threshold, VAT) 對長跑運動而言是一項重要的參數，它與耐力型競賽表現有著高度相關。然而，少有研究以生物力學的角度，針對跑者達到無氧閾值時的動作機轉進行探討。目的:探討生物力學參數隨速度的變化轉折點與無氧閾值速度的關聯。方法：招募 15 名男性業餘跑者，進行跑步機速度漸增測試，並以氣體分析儀量測受試者的無氧閾值速度。同時在跑者身體四個位置(雙腿脛骨、薦椎以及胸椎)配戴慣性感測器，分別量測軀幹旋轉角速度、質心垂直加速度、騰空時間、觸地時間、步頻以及脛骨加速度峰值等運動學參數。透過 D-max 數學模型計算各項參數隨速度變化下的轉折點，進而得到該運動學參數的轉折點速度(Velocity at BiomechanicalDeflection Point, VDBP)。接著以皮爾森積差相關觀察各 VDBP 與 VAT)的相關性，最後以逐步迴歸分析法得出迴歸方程式以估計無氧閾值速度。結果：除質心垂直加速度峰值轉折點速度之外，其餘參數皆與 VAT呈中度相關(r = .54~.66)，而逐步迴歸分析所得出的推估方程式為: VAT = -11.282+0.75*軀幹旋轉旋轉角速度峰值轉折點速度+1.113*脛骨加速度峰值轉折點速度 (R2 = 0.67, r = .85, bias ±1.95 SD = ±2.22 km/hr，結論:跑者的 VBDP 可反映 VAT 的優劣，且透過多項參數進行逐步迴歸分析，對比於單一 VBDP ,能更好地解釋與推估 VAT，提升未來應用於提升跑者表現的可能性。
Background: Velocity at anaerobic threshold VAT is an important parameter for long-distancerunning, which is highly correlated with endurance competition performance. However, fewstudies have explored the running mechanism of runners when they reach the anaerobicthreshold from the perspective of biomechanics. Purpose: To explore the relationshipbetween biomechanical deflection point and anaerobic threshold velocity. Method: Fifteenmale amateur runners were recruited to perform an incremental speed test. VAT were measuredby gas analysis system. 4 Inertial Measurement Units IMUs were placed on the runner's body(both shank、sacrum and thoracic spine), in order to measure Angular Velocity of Thorax Rotation AVTR, Trunk Vertical Acceleration TVA, Flight Time FT, Contact Time CT, Cadance CAD, and Peak Tibial Acceleration PTA respectively. DMAX method were used to calculate the velocity at biomechanical deflection point VDBP. The correlation between VAT and VBDP were analysed through Pearson correlation coefficient(r). Stepwise regression analysis was used to build the regression equation in order to predict VAT. Result: Except for VACOM- VBDP , all otherVBDP were moderately correlated with VAT (r = .55~.66), and the estimation equation obtainedby stepwise regression analysis was: VAT=-11.282+0.75*VAVTR-DP + 1.113*VPTA-DP , correlation:r=.85, error: ±2.22km/hr. Conclusion: VBDP can reflect VAT, and through the stepwiseregression analysis, it could more accurately estimate VAT compare to a single VBDP, which alsoiii enhance future possibility of application, in order to improve the performence of distance runners .
Background: Velocity at anaerobic threshold VAT is an important parameter for long-distancerunning, which is highly correlated with endurance competition performance. However, fewstudies have explored the running mechanism of runners when they reach the anaerobicthreshold from the perspective of biomechanics. Purpose: To explore the relationshipbetween biomechanical deflection point and anaerobic threshold velocity. Method: Fifteenmale amateur runners were recruited to perform an incremental speed test. VAT were measuredby gas analysis system. 4 Inertial Measurement Units IMUs were placed on the runner's body(both shank、sacrum and thoracic spine), in order to measure Angular Velocity of Thorax Rotation AVTR, Trunk Vertical Acceleration TVA, Flight Time FT, Contact Time CT, Cadance CAD, and Peak Tibial Acceleration PTA respectively. DMAX method were used to calculate the velocity at biomechanical deflection point VDBP. The correlation between VAT and VBDP were analysed through Pearson correlation coefficient(r). Stepwise regression analysis was used to build the regression equation in order to predict VAT. Result: Except for VACOM- VBDP , all otherVBDP were moderately correlated with VAT (r = .55~.66), and the estimation equation obtainedby stepwise regression analysis was: VAT=-11.282+0.75*VAVTR-DP + 1.113*VPTA-DP , correlation:r=.85, error: ±2.22km/hr. Conclusion: VBDP can reflect VAT, and through the stepwiseregression analysis, it could more accurately estimate VAT compare to a single VBDP, which alsoiii enhance future possibility of application, in order to improve the performence of distance runners .
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穿戴式裝置, 長跑運動, 運動表, Wearable Device, Long-Distance Running, Athletic Performance