不同鞋底前足彎曲勁度對運動表現的影響

Abstract

目的：比較穿著不同鞋底前足彎曲勁度的運動鞋在走路、慢跑與快跑以及三種跳躍動作之下肢動力學、運動學以及肌肉活化特性的差異。方法：本實驗招募11名健康年輕男性，利用動作分析系統、測力板及表面肌電儀，擷取穿著不同鞋底前足彎曲勁度的運動鞋，在走路、慢跑、快跑、立定跳遠、連續小跳以及下墜跳的運動表現，並比較之間的差異。本研究是以重複量數二因子變異數分析，比較穿著三種彎曲勁度的運動鞋與三種速度的差異，並以單因子變異數分析比較三種彎曲勁度的運動鞋分別在三種跳躍動作下的差異，顯著水準皆設為α=.05。結果：在穿著不同鞋底前足彎曲勁度的運動鞋時，於三種速度下的水平力斜率，在走路時是較低彎曲勁度的運動鞋表現較好，而在慢跑與快跑時則是高彎曲勁度的運動鞋表現較好。且於下墜跳時的第一次著地最大瞬時斜率，低、高彎曲勁度的運動鞋會高於一般的運動鞋。並且會限制蹠骨關節的關節活動度。但於肌電活化特性方面則是沒有影響。結論：穿著彎曲勁度的運動鞋，對下肢關節的運動學會造成影響，並且可以提升推蹬的效率，以及降低跳躍落地時的能量吸收。

Purpose: To compare the differences of the lower extremity kinematics, dynamics and muscle activation characteristics when wearing different forefoot bending stiffness shoes. Methods: Eleven healthy young male participants were asked to perform walk, jog, run, and three jump activities with different forefoot bending stiffness shoes. Motion analysis system, force plates and surface EMG were used for data collection. Repeated measure two-way ANOVA was used to analyze the effects of three different forefoot bending stiffness shoes with three speeds (walk, jog and run). Moreover, one-way ANOVA was used to analyze the effect of three different forefoot bending stiffness shoes in three jumping activities, respectively. The significant level was set at α=.05. Result: In walking condition, the slope of horizontal ground reaction force was significantly reduced when wearing low bending stiffness shoe. In jogging and running conditions, the slope of horizontal ground reaction force was significantly reduced when wearing high bending stiffness shoe. Furthermore, the loading rate of vertical landing ground reaction force of drop jump was significantly higher wile wearing stiffness shoes. The meatatsophalangeal joint motion was also changed with different shoes. And there were no significant differences in EMG between all conditions. Conclusion: Wearing the forefoot bending stiffness shoes can influence the lower extremity kinematics, enhance the push-off efficiency, and also absorb the landing impact.