發展遲緩兒童家長壓力與休閒參與及其效益之探討

Abstract

本研究目的在了解發展遲緩兒童家長壓力、休閒參與及其效益的現況，並探討不同背景的遲緩兒童家長其壓力、休閒參與情形及效益各會有否不同，以及了解其壓力、休閒參與情形及休閒效益之間的相關性。本研究自敏盛綜合醫院兒童發展復健中心選取發展遲緩兒童家長共300人為研究對象，以「發展遲緩兒童家長壓力與其休閒參與及效益問卷量表」為研究工具進行調查，共回收有效問巻279份，經卡方檢定、獨立樣本單因子多變項變異數分析、斯皮爾曼等級相關、典型相關等統計分析結果發現：不同年齡的家長休閒參與種類有顯著差異，不同與孩童關係的家長其休閒同伴有顯著差異，不同婚姻狀況的家長在休閒種類及同伴均有顯著差異。不同性別、年齡、婚姻狀況及與孩童關係的家長其壓力均有顯著差異，不同年齡、婚姻狀況、教育程度、與孩童關係及月收入的家長其休閒效益亦均有顯著差異。而家長休閒參與頻率與壓力及效益各構面均有顯著正相關，其參與頻率與心理、行為反應及身心、社交、自我肯定效益有顯著正相關。壓力與休閒效益各構面之間均有顯著相關。

The aim of the study is to understand the situation of stress, leisure participation, and leisure benefits in parents of developmental delay children. Besides, it investigated whether these parents with diverse backgrounds had different behavior in the stress, leisure participation, and leisure benefits. In addition, it explored the relation among the stress, leisure participation, and leisure benefits. The subjects included three hundred parents of developmental delay children remedied in the Rehabilitation Department in Min-Sheng Healthcare in Taoyuan. This study applied a questionnaire approach. The questionnaires were composed of stress, leisure participation, and leisure benefits of these parents. Two hundred and seventy-nine valid questionnaires filled out by these parents were collected and analyzed by Descriptive statistics analysis, MONOVA, Chi-square, Spearman rank-order correlation, and canonical correlation analysis. Results showed that significant differences existed in contrasts between ages and types of leisure participation, between relationships with their children and leisure partners, and between marital statuses and both leisure partners and types of leisure activities. Besides, significant differences in stress were found under different genders, ages, marital statuses, and the relationship with their children. Also, there were significant differences in leisure benefits under ages, marital statuses, levels of education, income, and the relationship with their children. Moreover, distinctive positive relation existed among the frequency of leisure participation, stress, and benefits. There were positive relation among frequency of leisure participation, psychological behavioral response, and the benefits of social intercourse, psychophysiology and self-affirmation. Significant relation existed between stress and leisure benefits.