大學生於新冠肺炎疫情期間所面臨的問題類型與求助意願之研究

Abstract

本研究旨在探討大學生於新冠肺炎疫情期間所面臨的問題類型與求助意願之現況，並分析不同人口統計學變項在問題類型以及求助意願中的差異情形。本研究藉由問卷調查法，對中國大陸的三所院校採方便抽樣，網路問卷填答共294份，得到有效問卷共275份，並從中挑選出8名大學生進行半結構式訪談。本研究結果表明，大學生目前主要遭遇的問題類型為學業問題與就業問題，並且個體在遇到問題時更傾向於求助朋友/同學、父母的非專業求助。本研究發現，在學業問題嚴重程度與就業問題嚴重程度上，沒有聊天對象的大學生顯著高於有聊天對象的大學生。然而，在就業問題嚴重程度上，大二、大三和大四顯著高於大一；理工類專業的大學生顯著高於經管類專業的大學生；母親健在的大學生顯著高於母親不健在的大學生；課餘時間有打工的大學生顯著高於課餘時間沒有打工的大學生。再者，在專業求助意願水平與求助意願總分上，父親不健在的大學生均顯著高於父親健在的大學生。然而，在專業求助意願水平上，大三顯著高於大一；教育類專業的大學生顯著高於經管類專業的大學生；母親健在的大學生顯著高於母親不健在的大學生。此外，研究結果進一步完善了大學生在疫情期間面臨的問題類型與求助意願方面的研究，亦了解個體問題產生的原因、如何處理問題以及求助專業人士評分低的原因，這對於心理諮詢服務的推廣提供了一定的支持。The purpose of this study was to explore the current situation of problem types and willingness to seek help among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as to analyze the distinction among different demographic variables in the problem types and willingness to seek help. A total of 294 online questionnaires were answered and 275 valid questionnaires were obtained from the samples of three universities in Mainland China by the survey method, from which eight university students were selected for semi-structured interviews. The results of this study show that the main problem types encountered by university students are academic problems and employment problems, and individuals are more inclined to seek non-professional help from friends or classmates and parents when they encounter problems. The results of the study indicated that in terms of the severity of academic problems and employment problems, university students without chatting partners were significantly higher than those with chatting partners. However, the degree of employment problem in sophomores, juniors and seniors were significantly higher than freshmen; the university students majoring in science and engineering were significantly higher than those majoring in economics and management; the university students with living mothers was significantly higher than that without living mothers; the university students who had part-time jobs were significantly higher than those who do not. Moreover, the level of professional help-seeking intention and the total score of help-seeking willingness of university students without living fathers were significantly higher than those with living fathers. However, in the level of professional help willingness, the juniors were significantly higher than freshmen; the university students majoring in education were significantly higher than those majoring in economics and management; the university students with living mothers were significantly higher than those without living mothers. In addition, the results of this study further shed lights on the problem types faced by university students and their willingness to seek help during the epidemic, and also demystified the causes of individual problems, how to deal with the problems and the reasons for the low scores of help professionals, which provided certain support for the promotion of psychological counseling services.