「異」夢：新世紀以來中國小說的「詭態」書寫（2000-2023）

Abstract

本論文以「詭態書寫」為主題，針對新世紀以來涉及中國現實問題的小說提出討論，檢視作家如何回應充斥在社會中的「中國崛起」、「中國夢」等相關概念，重新思考「夢」在不同議題上可能會呈現的變貌。新世紀以來，作家面對社會的轉型、發展與革新，一方面進入現代化與全球化的世界，也有感於國家的崛起與進步；另一方面，在快速變化的環境中，也產生了許多社會問題與弊病，以及人們在精神上的不安與焦慮，進而質疑國家反覆強調的理想社會圖景。由上所述，「詭態」反映了進步與積極思維的另一種樣態，試圖擾亂秩序與標準，另闢討論的空間。小說家以非理性、不和諧與反樂觀的敘事，處理存在於歷史經驗中的鬼魂敘事，經濟發展中的荒誕狀態，以及青年世代的苦悶精神等，這些都與光明美好的國家論述背道而馳，並以「小說」抵抗「大夢」，不僅重新反省中國過去與現在的創傷與陰暗，並試圖調整「夢」的未來組成，重視個體也有想像、創造或重置「中國夢」的能動性。This thesis focuses on the theme of"Deviant Narratives," discussing novels since the turn of the century that address issues related to contemporary Chinese reality. It examines how writers respond to concepts such as the discourses of "the rise of China" and the "Chinese Dream," rethinking how the notion of "dream" may manifest across different topics. As China undergoes social transformation, development, and innovation in the new century, writers engage with the modernized and globalized world, acknowledging the nation's progress. However, within this rapidly changing, many social issues and problems have emerged, causing spiritual unrest and anxiety among people, leading to questions about the idealized societal vision repeatedly emphasized by the state.In this context, the"deviant" reflects an alternative aspect of progress and positive thinking, aiming to disrupt order and norms, creating space for alternative discussions. Novelists use narratives of irrationality, discord, and anti-optimism to address ghostly tales rooted in historical experience, the absurdity of economic development, and the depression spirit of the younger generation. These narratives stand in stark contrast to the bright and optimistic national discourse. They re-examine the traumas and shadows of China's past and present and attempt to reshape the future composition of the "dream," emphasizing the individual's agency in imagining, creating, or redefining the "Chinese Dream."