探討台商前往中南美洲發展的契機與挑戰以巴拉圭 東方市為例

Abstract

本碩士論文以巴拉圭東方市為研究案例，旨在探討中南美洲發展的契機與挑戰，並深入分析當地台商的發展歷程與貢獻。研究者身為在東方市擁有三十年經商經驗的台商，透過實地考察、台商深度訪談與文獻回顧，對該地的政治、經濟、社會及技術環境進行了總體環境分析。東方市因其歷史背景、獨特的地理位置、豐富的旅遊資源、充沛的勞工與水電、和巴西的鎖國政策，發展成為世界第三大轉口貿易中心，經研究分析發現，台商前往中南美洲發展的契機包含我國政府對巴拉圭展開經貿外交，積極辦理各種商機說明及帶領企業前往參訪，並開放牛、豬、禽肉.....等農畜牧產品進口，已經相當有成效；巴拉圭政府大力推展外商投資，積極帶動產業升級，頒布一系列的支持政策與優惠；加上南方共同市場強大的政經聯盟優勢，有雙邊政府的背書及約三億人口的紅利市場，對企業具有相當大的商業契機。然而，發展也面臨障礙與挑戰，如政府執行力不彰、治安與貪腐問題、商業環境轉型、國際匯款限制、供應鏈時效問題、基礎設施不足、文化語言差異等。本研究的價值與貢獻在於記錄了台商在南美洲奮鬥的歷程，透過不同背景的台商朋友們及事業發展軌跡，加以探討並分析未來台商在切入市場時，如何在陌生地區及各種有限資源下，如何建構商業生存模式，並在各種不同的發展時期，透過自身優勢推動不同經營策略、多角化經營或轉型，以維持在地生存機會。本研究論文主要運用PESTEL總體環境分析理論，研究者觀察東方市的政治、經濟、社會、技術、環境、政治，針對現階段的優劣條件加以分析，實證研究整理出發現的契機與挑戰。台商對東方市亦展現了多方面貢獻，包括經濟產業發展、城市優化、社會文化交流、公益回饋，這些國民外交對邦交國的維繫，產生莫大助益。藉此讓台灣政府更加關注此地台僑，並為有意擴展海外市場的台商企業主提供實用的策略、方向與建議。This thesis aims to explore the opportunities and challenges of the development of Central and South America, and to analyze the development process and contributions of Taiwanese businessmen there. The researcher, as a Taiwanese businessman with thirty years of business experience in Ciudad del Este, examined the political, economic, social, and technological environments of the city through in-depth interviews with Taiwanese businessmen, and a literature review.Due to its historical background, unique geographic location, rich tourism resources, abundant labor and hydropower, and Brazil's policy, Ciudad del Este has developed into the world's third largest export trade center. Through research and analysis, the research found that the opportunities for Taiwanese businesses to expand into Central and South America include the Taiwanese government's economic and trade diplomacy initiatives with Paraguay, actively organizing business opportunity briefings and leading companies on visits, as well as opening imports of beef, pork, poultry meat, and other agricultural and livestock products. and other agricultural and livestock products, which has already yielded significant results. The Paraguayan government is actively promoting foreign investment, driving industrial upgrading, and implementing a series of supportive policies and incentives. Additionally, the Southern Common Market's strong political and economic alliance advantages, coupled with the backing of both governments and a market of approximately 300 million people, present significant commercial opportunities for businesses.

However, there are also obstacles and challenges to development, such as lack of government enforcement, security and corruption, business transformation, international remittance constraints, supply chain timeliness, inadequate infrastructure, cultural and linguistic differences, accessto education, and interference from China. The value and contribution of this study is to document the struggles of Taiwanese businessmen in South America, and to explore and analyze, through Taiwanese businessmen of different backgrounds and their business development trajectories, how Taiwanese businessmen can construct a business survival model in unfamiliar areas with limited resources when entering the market in the future, and how they can promote different business strategies, diversified operations, or restructuring through their own strengths in order to maintain the chances of survival in the region. The study concludes and makes recommendations.The study conducts the PESTEL analysis to analyze Ciudad del Este’s advantage, and further conclude the opportunity and challenge. Taiwanese businessmen have also contributed to Ciudad del Este in many ways, including economic and industrial development, urban optimization, social and cultural exchanges, and public welfare, all of which have greatly benefited the maintenance of diplomatic relations between Taiwan and its neighboring countries through national diplomacy. This will allow the Taiwan government to pay more attention to the Taiwanese here, and provide practical strategies, directions and suggestions for Taiwanese business owners who are interested in expanding overseas markets.