短時間衝刺對耐力運動後血液氧化壓力的影響

Abstract

目的：探討短時間衝刺，即溫蓋特測試對人體血液氧化壓力的影響，也觀察以溫蓋特測試作為預處理對人體有氧耐力運動後血液氧化壓力的影響。方法：招募10名有規律運動習慣的大學男性，以重複量數進行實驗。先完成研究一，實驗參與者進行單次Wingate test。再進行研究二，以平衡次序法進行測試1及測試2。測試1：直接進行45分鐘，75 % VO2max的原地腳踏車運動。測試2：先完成單次Wingate test，安靜休息45分鐘後再進行45分鐘，75 % VO2max的原地腳踏車運動。於運動前、運動後立即、運動後30、60及120分鐘採血8 mL 分析生化指標。使用SPSS 13.0軟體，以重複量數單因子變異數分析研究ㄧ結果。以重複量數雙因子變異數分析研究二結果（實驗處理 * 時間），統計顯著水準皆設為p< .05。結果：單次Wingate test後紅血球超氧離子歧化酶 (SOD)、過氧化氫酶 (CAT)、還原態麩光甘肽 (GSH) 與血漿尿酸值皆顯著上升 (p < .05)，血漿脂質過氧化物 (TBARS)、蛋白質氧化傷害 (carbonyl protein) 與肌酸激酶 (CK) 均未顯著增加 (p＞.05)。Wingate test介入條件下，耐力運動後血漿TBARS、carbonyl protein與CK值均無顯著上升 (p＞.05)。單純耐力運動後血漿TBARS雖無變化 (p＞.05)，但血漿carbonyl protein、CK與血糖值皆顯著上升 (p < .05)。結論：短暫衝刺運動可提升人體血液抗氧化能力，有助於減少中強度耐力運動引起之短暫氧化壓力與肌肉損傷。

Purpose: The aims of this study were to determine the effect of short sprinting (Wingate test) on oxidative stress of human blood and Wingate test as a preconditioning manner on oxidative stress after endurance exercise. Methods: Ten health college male subjects performed study 1: A single bout of 30-sec Wingate test and study 2: Subjects completed trial 1 and trial 2 with balanced order. Trial 1: Subjects finished 45 min, 75% VO2max endurance exercise. Trial 2: Before the endurance exercise trial, subjects performed a 30-sec Wingate test and took a rest for 45 min. Venous blood samples were taken before and post exercise at 0, 30, 60, and 120 min. Oxidative streets index such as antioxidant enzymes and oxidative damage markers were determined. Comparisons between time points for study 1 were performed with repeated one-way ANOVA. Comparisons between trials and time points for study 2 were performed with repeated two-way ANOVA. A SPSS 13.0 statistical software was used. The limit of significance was set at p＜.05. Results: Erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), and plasma uric acid levels were significant increased (p＜.05), but plasma lipid peroxidation (TBARS), carbonyl protein, creatine kinase (CK) and erythrocyte oxidized glutathione (GSSG) levels were not changed (p＞.05) following the Wingate test. After Wingate test + endurance trial, plasma TBARS, carbonyl protein, and CK levels were not significant increased (p＞.05). Although, plasma TBARS level didn’t increased after endurance trial, plasma carbonyl protein, CK, and glucose levels were significant higher than at rest (p＜.05). Conclusion: Short sprinting can elevate antioxidant capacity in human blood and be beneficial to attenuate the oxidative stress and muscle damage induced by moderate intensity of endurance exercise.