臺北高等學校學徒兵的徵召與實態

Abstract

1945年3月，臺灣中等以上學生，以學校為單位接受徵召組織學徒隊，編入第十方面軍下的獨立混成旅團。此時全島中等以上學生，不分臺、日人，搖身一變成為大日本帝國陸軍二等兵，直到8月終戰為止。臺北高等學校作為培養臺灣社會領導階層的菁英學校，同樣接受徵召，與臺北高商、臺北一中、臺北二中等北部地區學校學生，一同被編入敢一三八六二部隊。臺北高等學校的學生成為學徒兵後，被分至第一中隊與第五中隊，其中更遴選數名學徒兵編入重機槍中隊。

過去在社會中享有「特權」的高校生，在食衣住行育樂都別樹一格，如今因應戰事的變化、時局的動盪，強迫學生捨筆執劍、報效國家，臺北高等學校的菁英們是如何面對軍隊的生活型態？本文將以臺北高等學校學徒兵為例，以回憶錄、文獻解讀、口述訪談的方式，企圖還原二次世界大戰末期，堪稱菁英中的菁英的臺北高等學校學生，是如何面對從自由自治的校園生活轉而面對威權、紀律甚至準備犧牲生命、報效國家的軍隊生活。

關鍵字：臺北高等學校、學徒兵、學徒隊

In March 1945, students of secondary school or above accepted the recruitment as “student soldiers.” During the end of World War II, from March to August 1945, all the students, including Taiwanese and Japanese, were turned into privates second class of the Empire of Japan (Dainippon Teikoku). These schools in northern Taiwan accepting the recruitment involved, for example, Taipei Business High School, Taipei First High School, Taipei Second High School, and even Taihoku Higher School, the elite-to-be training school.

In response to the changes in the war and the current situation of the turbulence, the students of Taihoku Higher School having used to have "privilege" in society were forced to leave school and join the army to serve the country. How did these elites of Taihoku Higher School adapt to the army's life? This article will use materials of memoirs of the students, literature interpretation, and oral interview to restore the situation that the Taihoku Higher School students faced during the end of the World War II. We wish to explain how these students dealt with this dramatic change from the liberty campus life to the life under authority and discipline, and even under the pressure of sacrifice.

Keywords： Taihoku Higher School、Student soldiers