職棒球員完美主義與競技倦怠之相關研究

Abstract

多數運動員經歷國小時期到成年期這樣長時間的訓練過程，加上不健全的環境因素，在為了獲得卓越表現及教練青睞下，選手們面對強大競爭壓力，容易有過度訓練、出賽頻率過高的情形發生，不但對其運動表現有負面影響，更會降低其自信心，倦怠感也因此油然而生。「達到完美」是很多人畢生的人生議題或是奉為圭臬的一句座右銘(蘇曉憶，2011)，但Gould，Tuffey，Udry與Loehr(1996a,1996b,1997)的研究指出，運動員的完美主義是導致競技倦怠的主要原因。 本研究的主要目的有三項：一、瞭解職棒球員完美主義與競技倦怠現況。二、探討不同背景變項職棒球員完美主義與競技倦怠之差異情形。三、探討職棒球員完美主義與競技倦怠之相關情形。研究對象為126名國內職棒球員及旅外球員3名，皆分別接受完美主義量表與運動員倦怠量表之施測。預計於民國103年2月至3月間發放。統計結果為神經型完美主義越高會導致職棒球員競技倦怠情形越嚴重，與多位學者之研究結果相符。建議球團在薪資、球員心理層面輔導等方面提供球員幫助，以避免倦怠情形影響球員表現。Most athletes went through a longtime of intense training starting from teenager years to adulthood, In order to pursue excellence and leave a good impression from their coaches, they tend to over-train themselves when they are under a great deal of pressure and play in an intense schedule. This not only affects their performance in the game, but also lowers their self-confidence, thus making them more prone to burnout. Lots of people tried to be perfect on many aspects of their lives, but according to the research by Gould, Tuffey, Udry and Loehr (1996a,1996b,1997). Athlete’s Perfectionism is one of main reason that leads to athlete burnout.

The main objectives of this study are - 1. To get an overview of the perfectionism and athlete burnout from professional baseball players. 2. To study perfectionism and athlete burnout from different background variables. 3. To understand the relation between perfectionism and athlete burnout from professional baseball players. This study is based on athlete burnout questionnaires replied from 126 professional players in Taiwan, and 3 professional players oversea. The questionnaires were filled out during February and March this year. The result shows that the more players are inclined to neurotic perfectionism, the more likely they are prone to athlete burnout. The result from this study matches the results from many other researchers. We suggest team owner to adjust salary structure, and provide psychological counseling in order to reduce athlete burnout.