專注的藝術：壘球比賽中的心流經驗與哲學思考

Abstract

本研究旨在探討壘球比賽中運動員的心流經驗及其哲學意涵。以筆者作為現役壘球國手的經驗為核心，結合心流理論與現象學的詮釋框架，深入分析心流狀態的特徵、形成機制及對運動價值的啟示。研究採用質性研究方法，包括自我反思日記、比賽影片分析及田野觀察記錄，綜合敘事探究與詮釋現象學分析的方式進行資料分析。本研究採用質性研究方法，包括自我反思日記、比賽影片分析，綜合敘事探究與詮釋現象學分析的方式進行資料分析。在資料收集方面，包括：（1）自我反思日記，記錄比賽與訓練過程中的心流體驗；（2）比賽影片分析，輔助檢視行為表現與心理狀態的關聯，並透過資料三角驗證、持續比較分析等方式確保研究信實度。研究結果顯示，壘球運動中的心流體驗具有團隊互動的傳遞性特質，在不同位置球員間呈現差異化的表現特徵。心流狀態的形成依賴於挑戰與技能的平衡，但在團隊情境中還受到隊友互動、團隊氛圍及教練指導風格的顯著影響。個體心流與團隊協作之間存在相互促進的關係，良好的團隊默契能強化個體心流體驗，同時個體心流狀態也能提升團隊整體表現。This study investigates the flow experience of athletes during softball games and its philosophical implications. Drawing on the author’s personal experience as an active member of the national softball team, and grounded in flow theory and a phenomenological interpretive framework, the research explores the characteristics, formation mechanisms, and value-oriented insights of the flow state. Employing qualitative methods—namely self-reflective journaling, game video analysis, and field observation—the study integrates narrative inquiry and interpretative phenomenological analysis to examine the data.Data collection included: (1) self-reflective journals documenting flow experiences during training and competition, and (2) video analysis of games to examine the correlation between behavioral performance and psychological states. Triangulation and constant comparative analysis were employed to ensure the credibility of the findings.The results reveal that the flow experience in softball exhibits a interpersonal and dynamic quality within team dynamics, manifesting in distinct patterns across different player positions. While the formation of flow depends on the balance of challenge and skill, it is also significantly shaped by interpersonal interactions, team atmosphere, and coaching style. A mutually reinforcing relationship exists between individual flow and team collaboration: strong team synergy enhances individual flow experiences, which in turn contribute to improved team performance.