日治時期古坑沿山地區的竹紙產業變遷

Abstract

雲林、嘉義沿山地區竹資源的豐富，為當地發展竹紙業提供基礎，竹紙業的特殊性在於竹紙的使用範圍從書寫、包裝、祭祀等遍及生活各處，尤以祭祀用的金銀紙佔大宗，與庶民生活息息相關。本文在探討日治時期古坑沿山地區竹紙產業的發展與變化，由地方產業的發展探究竹紙業在不同時期的興衰。 本文首先探討古坑傳統竹紙業的經營方式和竹紙製造過程，說明傳統竹紙業受限於自然環境，採就地加工製造，以小規模工場的方式經營，由家族成員投入製紙勞動。其次，探究日治初期新式製紙業三菱製紙所如何以機械化的方式製造竹漿，因日本化學工業技術發展未成熟，三菱製紙所無法將竹紙大規模商品化而宣告竹紙機械化的失敗，直至日治末期古坑沿山地區的傳統竹紙業製紙技術改變不大。最後，分別從中國竹紙的進口和本土竹紙的生產以及官方政策說明古坑沿山地區竹紙業受到的影響，臺灣竹紙產量雖然逐年增加，因產品的相似性在1930年代以前主要受中國竹紙價格影響，而本土竹紙在1920年後期出現機械化，壓迫雲林、嘉義沿山地區小規模竹紙工場，1930年代中期受寺廟整理運動影響更讓古坑沿山地區傳統竹紙業大受打擊，漸趨蕭條。Along Yun-Lin and Chia-Yi mountain area, there are abundant in bamboo resources, which lay a good foundation for local bamboo paper industry. Bamboo paper has various uses, it can be used on writing, wrapping, worshiping, and especially the usage of making joss paper is the biggest, which plays an important role in people’s daily life. The purpose of the thesis is going to research in the development of bamboo paper industry of Gu-Keng mountain area under Japanese rule, making an approach to the development of bamboo paper of different periods via researching local paper-making industry. Firstly, the thesis is going to research in the management and production process of Gu-Keng traditional bamboo paper industry. The traditional bamboo paper industry of Gu-Keng is limited by natural environment. The management and production take place within local area; the bamboo paper industries there, are usually small-scale factories with family members working as employees. Secondly, research how modern paper industry in the early colonial period, Mitsubishi Paper Mills Company, to make paper in mechanization way. Due to the immature of chemical industry technology, Mitsubishi Paper Mills Company was unable to commercialize bamboo paper in large scale, which declared the failure of paper-making mechanization. The traditional paper-making technology had hardly changed until the end of colonial period. Finally, explain how the import of Chinese bamboo paper, the production of local bamboo paper and the official policy affect the bamboo paper industry of Gu-Keng mountain area. Although the quantity of bamboo paper of Taiwan is increase year after year, the price was affected by the price of Chinese bamboo paper due to product similarity before 1930s. During the last phase of 1920s, the mechanization of local bamboo paper industry was started, which oppressed small-scale factories along Yun-Lin and Chia-Yi mountain area. Furthermore, Temple Reorganization in the middle of 1930s causes a lot of damage to the bamboo paper industry of Gu-Keng mountain area, which led a depression of the industry.