台灣產銀腹蛛屬(蜘蛛目：長腳蛛科)蜘蛛之系統分類研究

Abstract

本論文共報告台灣產銀腹蛛屬蜘蛛9種，其中新種有台灣銀腹蛛(Leucauge taiwanensis sp. nov. )；新紀錄種有4種：西里伯銀腹蛛(L. celebesiana)、十字銀腹蛛(L. crucinota)、小肩斑銀腹蛛(L. subblanda)、武陵銀腹蛛(L. wulingensis)。文中將大銀腹蛛(L. magnifica)處理為西里伯銀腹蛛的同物異名；擬方格銀腹蛛(L. subtessellata)處理為方格銀腹蛛(L. tessellata)的同物異名。脈斑銀腹蛛(L. venusta)，處理為排除種。並以19種銀腹蛛亞科類群為內群，長腳蛛屬為外群，以45個形態特徵進行銀腹蛛屬的支序分析，台灣產銀腹蛛屬可分為兩個亞群，其中十字銀腹蛛與雪銀腹蛛(L. argentina)成為一單系群，可能屬於未知的新屬，而隨蛛屬(Opadometa)蜘蛛與其餘的台灣產銀腹蛛屬蜘蛛被歸入另一個亞群，其姊妹群為天星蛛屬(Mesida)。結果顯示現有的台灣產銀腹蛛屬為一複系群。本研究結果將可增進台灣銀腹蛛屬蜘蛛資源和物種多樣性之知識基礎。

Nine spiecies of Leucauge spiders are reviewed from Taiwan in this study, among which one species, L. taiwanensis sp. nov is new to the science. L. celebesiana (Walckenaer, 1842), L. crucinota (Bösenberg& Strand, 1906), L. subblanda Bösenberg & Strand, 1906, and L. wulingensis Song & Zhu, 1992, are newly recorded from Taiwan. L. venusta was excluded from the spider fauna of Taiwan. Forty-five morphological characters of 19 leucaugines species and Tetragnatha as Outgroup were included in a phylogentic analysis. The results showed that Leucauge can be divided into two subgroups. L. argentina and L. crucinota belong to a monophyletic group, which might belong to a new genus. The other Leucauge species and Opadometa form another subgroup with Mesida asa sister group. The results suggest that genus Leucauge is a polyphyletic assamblage. A further classification study is needed. The present study will provide a basic knowledge for the diversity conservation of spiders in Taiwan.