運動性肌肉損傷後增補牛奶對下肢運動表現之影響

Abstract

目的：探討在 運動 性 肌肉損傷 (exercise-induced muscle damage, EIMD) 後，增補牛奶 對隨後 下肢 運動表現 與肌肉損傷 之影響。 方法 ：以 24名 女性團體項目選手 (足球 7人、籃球 17人 ) 為受試對象 。所有受試者需 進行 5組 10次120%一次最大反覆 (one repetition maximum, 1RM)，和 2組 10次 100%1RM離心性 腿部推蹬 ，以誘發 EIMD，並於 EIMD後， 以獨立樣本、配對分組 方式接受 606 ml的 牛奶 (MILK) 或 水 (CON) 的增補 。在 EIMD前、及 EIMD後的立即 、 4小時、 24小時、 48小時進行肌肉損傷指標測驗，包含肌酸激酶 (creatine kinase, CK)、肌紅蛋白 (myoglobin, Mb)、 自覺恢復量表(perceived recovery scale, PRS)、 疼痛 視覺類比量表 (visual analogue scale, VAS)、大腿圍， 以 及運動表現指標測驗，包含 下蹲跳 (counter movement jump, CMJ)、大腿中段等長上拉(isometric mid-thigh pull, IMTP)、 T型 敏捷測驗 與 20 m衝 刺 測驗，以 評估 EIMD後，生理與 運動表現 之 恢復。 結果 牛奶組血 液中 的 Mb變化量於損傷後 (MILK vs. CON, 161.9 ± 47.6 vs. 204.3 ± 48.4%, p< .05)，與恢復期 4小時 (MILK vs. CON, 169.3 ± 55.2 vs. 293.0 ± 180.2%, p < .05) 均顯著低於控制組；控制組 的 PRS變化量於恢復期第一天 (p < .05) 與第二天 (p < .05) 仍顯著低於損傷前，而牛奶組已恢復至損傷前 。不過，運動表現指標在兩組間均未達顯著 差異。 結論於運動性肌肉損傷後增補牛奶，可能可以減緩肌肉損傷程度，但無法改善 下肢無氧動力運動表現之恢復。

Purpose: To investigate the effect of milk supplementation after exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) on the subsequent lower limbs performance and recovery from muscle damage. Methods: Twenty-four female team-sport players (age: 20.8 ± 1.3 years; soccer, n = 7; basketball, n = 17) were recruited. All participants were required to perform eccentric leg press exercise of 5 sets of 10 repetitions at 120% of one repetition maximum (1RM) and 2 sets of 10 repetitions at 100%1RM to induce an EIMD. After EIMD, participants were assigned to either milk (606 ml) or water supplement group in pair-matched design. The muscle damage indicators, included creatine kinase (CK), myoglobin (Mb), perceived recovery scale (PRS), visual analog scale (VAS), and limb girth, were tested before, immediately after, 4, 24 and 48 hours after EIMD. Performance tests, included counter movement jump (CMJ), isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP), agility T-test, and 20 m sprint test, were also conducted for evaluating the recovery of exercise performance before and after an EIMD. Results: The changes in Mb in the milk group at immediately after (MILK vs. CON, 161.9 ± 47.6 vs. 204.3 ± 48.4%, p< .05) and 4 hours after EIMD (MILK vs. CON, 169.3 ± 55.2 vs. 293.0 ± 180.2%, p < .05) were significantly lower than those in the control group. The changes in PRS of the control group remain significantly lower than the baseline value on the first (p < .05) and second day (p < .05) after EIMD, while the milk group has returned to baseline. However, no significant differences were found between the groups in the exercise performances. Conclusion: Milk supplementation after EIMD may reduce the magnitude of muscle damage. However, it might not improve the recovery of anaerobic power performance.