高雄酒吧業與地方發展

Abstract

高雄酒吧街從1950年代開始在高雄港周邊逐漸興起，形成以七賢三路為中心，連帶聚集於周邊巷道的蓬勃景象。形成的原因主要來自於美軍駐臺，組成的族群亦隨著不同時代而有所差異。最初是以外省人為主，由於過去美軍駐紮於山東、上海進而產生酒吧文化，這些人來到臺灣後便將酒吧文化移植到臺灣來，隨後本省人、原住民更陸續加入酒吧行業。高雄酒吧街的多元文化，不僅反映在業者及從業人員等層面，光臨酒吧的顧客也是如此，像是駐紮在當地的美軍、外國商船等，他們所帶來的外國文化也為整個地方社會帶來不少衝擊。當美軍來到高雄鹽埕，透過酒吧直接間接的將美金的效益流入地方社會，創造蓬勃的美軍經濟。各行各業都受到美金的影響，包括酒吧本身、銀樓、照相館、三輪車等等，這些行業受到美金挹注，再投入到其他行業當中，使得鹽埕區的居民都能獲得美金效益，創造高雄早期發展榮景。在美軍離開後，酒吧業走向沒落，卻也因轉向經營商船生意而暫時存活一陣子。本研究即在探討酒吧街的形成與發展脈絡，運用報紙史料、口述歷史、政府檔案等民間與官方的史料去探討高雄酒吧街的發展，嘗試了解高雄酒吧街發展對於人們的影響及其在地方上所扮演的角色，深入研究高雄酒吧街蓬勃發展的原因。Since the 1950s, the bar streets in Kaohsiung has gradually emerged around the Kaohsiung port area, centering on Qixian 3rd Road and extending into the surrounding alleys. The rise of this district mainly stems from the US military stationed in Taiwan, and the ethnic groups it consists of also vary from different eras. Initially consisted of people from other Chinese provinces, since the US military was stationed in Shandong and Shanghai in the past, where bar culture was formed, this group of people brought the bar culture to Taiwan. Over time, locals and indigenous people also joined the bar industry. The multicultural nature of Kaohsiung’s bar street is reflected in the business owners and staff, as well as in its wide range of customers, which includes stationed US military personnel and foreign merchants, bringing a variety of cultural influences to local society.The arrival of the US military in the Yancheng district of Kaohsiung led to the infusion of US dollars into the local economy, through direct and indirect interactions with the bars, creating a robust military economy. Plenty of industries were affected by this influx of US dollars, including the bars themselves, jewelry shops, photography studios, and rickshaw services. This injection of US dollars into these industries further benefited other sectors, enabling Yancheng residents to gain economic benefits, while contributing to Kaohsiung’s early development and prosperity. After the US military's departure, the bar industry declined, but it found a way out by shifting toward the merchant shipping business. This study explores the formation and development of the bar streets, using newspaper archives, oral histories, and government records from both public and private sources in order to investigate the development of Kaohsiung’s bar streets. It aims to understand how bar streets impact the people, and also the role it play within the local community.