兒童文學之隱喻翻譯：以《彼得潘》三個中譯本為例

Abstract

作為英語兒童文學經典之一，J. M. Barrie 的Peter Pan自出版以來廣受不同年齡層的讀者喜愛，也衍生出多種改編與翻譯版本。其文本風格融合童趣與哲思，蘊含大量富有象徵性的隱喻，涵蓋成長、時間、身份與幻想等主題。這些隱喻不僅建構出多層次的敘事意涵，也反映語言與文化的深層結構，在翻譯過程中往往因語境差異、文化詮釋與讀者期待而面臨挑戰，尤其在兒童文學翻譯中，譯者更需要在忠實原意與讀者可理解性之間取得平衡。本研究選取Peter Pan的三個中譯版本——梁實秋、楊靜遠與葛窈君譯本為分析對象，透過Lakoff與Johnson的概念隱喻理論（Conceptual Metaphor Theory）進行隱喻類型分類，並輔以隱喻識別程序（Metaphor Identification Procedure）作為判定依據，以提升隱喻判定的客觀性與一致性。在翻譯策略分析上，本研究採用Newmark的隱喻翻譯策略作為分析框架，比較三位譯者在處理結構隱喻、實體隱喻與方位隱喻時所採取的策略與表現差異。研究以質性文本分析法為主，並從忠實度、語境適切性與文學風格三方面探討譯文表現。本研究希望補足過往對Peter Pan中隱喻翻譯分析的不足，並藉由譯本比較，展現隱喻翻譯在兒童文學語境下的實踐挑戰與策略選擇，進一步深化對兒童文學翻譯中語言、文化與讀者三者之間動態關係的理解，並嘗試建構具體可行的隱喻分析架構，期能為隱喻研究與兒童文學翻譯實務提供理論依據與應用參考。J. M. Barrie’s Peter Pan is a classic of English children’s literature, known for its blend of childlike imagination and philosophical reflection. The text contains numerous symbolic metaphors related to themes such as growth, time, identity, and imagination. As metaphors reflect deep cultural and linguistic structures, they often pose challenges in translation, especially in children’s literature where translators must balance fidelity with readability.This study examines three Chinese translations of Peter Pan—by Shih-Chiu Liang, Ching-Yuan Yang, and Yao-Jun Ge—using Conceptual Metaphor Theory and the Metaphor Identification Procedure to classify metaphor types and Newmark’s translation strategies as the analytical framework. The analysis focuses on how the translators handle structural, ontological, and orientational metaphors, and compares their choices across three dimensions: fidelity, contextual appropriateness, and literary style.By highlighting differences in strategy and interpretation, this study aims to fill a gap in existing research on Peter Pan and to shed light on the practical challenges and strategic choices involved in metaphor translation within the context of children’s literature. It further contributes to a deeper understanding of the dynamic relationship between language, culture, and readership, and proposes a workable analytical framework that offers insights of both theoretical and practical relevance for future metaphor studies and translation practice.