新冠肺炎對銀髮族海外旅遊阻礙與協商的影響

Abstract

全球高齡化社會來臨，銀髮族人口比重大幅提升，對於此族群在旅遊市場上的喜好也逐漸受到重視，在海外旅遊人數日益成長的趨勢之下，爆發了新冠肺炎此種新興傳染疾病，在2020 年造成全世界大規模的感染，截至2020年6月底為止，新冠肺炎已造成全世界1,030萬餘人感染、50萬4千多人死亡，由於疫情的蔓延各國皆實施邊境封鎖政策，對旅遊造成很大的影響，本研究即為了調查在目前新冠肺炎發生期間，銀髮族在海外旅行時可能遇到的阻礙以及阻礙協商效益模式為何。本研究採用半結構式訪談時間為30-60分鐘，以滾雪球方式尋找8位65歲以上且曾有海外旅遊經驗的銀族族，但因為疫情取消或是暫緩旅遊計畫者。研究發現面對疫情期間的旅遊阻礙最主要的是旅遊禁令，還有內心對於疫情傳播的恐懼以及身邊親友的不支持等，但是面對這些阻礙並不會馬上放棄，而是希望透過協商策略持續地進行旅遊活動，使用較多的協商策略是「持續恢復力與承諾」及「注意其他目標」，都是對於自己來說變化最少，並耗能最少且依靠他人協助可完成的活動，像是轉為國內旅遊或是親友聚餐等，然而在「發現新技能」與「改變態度」及「突破自我的策略」則較少被使用。本研究結果可以提供未來若有發生類似新興傳染疾病，以及相關業者或政府機關作為政策參考的指標。As the coming of aged society is a global trend and the older population is gradually increasing, the elderly travel preferences become important in tourism market. However, the outbreak of coronavirus epidemic in 2020 caused more than 10.3million infected and 504,000 deaths until June, 2020. As a result, many countries border have been closed to all non-essential travel, which impacts international tourism severely. The purpose of this study is to explore the constraint and negotiation for the elderly travelling overseas during the COVID-19 epidemic. This study applied semi-structured interview method. It takes 30-60 minutes to interview eight subjects selected by snowball sampling. The participants are over 65 years old and have been travelling overseas, but cancelled or postponed their travel plan due to the COVID-19 epidemic. The result revealed the travel constraints for the elderly are the travel ban, fear of the epidemic and families’ opposition. Most of them would rather conduct negotiations to continue resilience and commitment or pay attention to other goals than discover capacity, change attitude and achieve self-goals. They plan domestic tour or diner together with friends as concessions, which is completed easily by others assistance. The result of this study could be a reference for related industry and policy-making if there is the worldwide epidemic.