國中音樂資優班學生過度激動特質與社會情意適應之研究

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2005

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摘  要 本研究旨在了解國中音樂資優班學生的過度激動特質與社會情意適應,並探討性別與班別(資優×普通)在過度激動特質與社會情意適應的差異情形,以及過度激動特質與社會情意適應的相關。 本研究採立意取樣方式,樣本取自台灣北、中、南、東等四區八所設有音樂班之學校一年級音樂班(191名)與普通班(259名)學生。研究工具採用「我的特質量表」及「賴氏人格測驗」。問卷回收人數為450名,所得資料以t考驗、Pearson積差相關進行分析。 本研究主要結果分述如下: 一、 在「我的特質量表」方面 音樂資優班男生比女生傾向較高的心理動作過度激動特質(t=4.37,p<.01);以國內常模為參考依據時,大多數的音樂資優班學生比普通班學生具有偏高的智能過度激動特質(t=4.64,p<.01)、感官過度激動特質(t=4.45,p<.01)、想像過度激動特質(t=2.57,p<.05)、情緒過度激動特質(t=2.48,p<.05),音樂資優班女生比男生在人格測驗中,顯現較佳的適應。 二、在「賴氏人格測驗」方面 音樂班男生具有偏高的思考外向性(t=4.16,p<.01)及主觀性(t=2.71,p<.01);音樂資優班學生與普通班學生比較結果,其社會內/外向性(t=2.25,p<.05)、客觀對主觀性(t=-3.00,p<.05),協調性(t=2.50,p<.05)、攻擊性(t=-2.58,p<.05)、變異性(t=-2.36,p<.05)及神經質(t=-2.11,p<.05)之得分均較普通班學生為低,顯示音樂資優班學生的社會適應與情緒穩定較佳。 三、「我的特質量表」與「賴氏人格測驗」之相關性 過度激動特質與「賴氏人格測驗」間之得分,大部分達顯著相關(p<.05);心理活動過度激動與活動性之相關達.53(p<.01),與服從/領導性之相關達.41(p<.01),與社會內/外向性之相關達.37(p<.01),與思考內/外向性之相關達.35(p<.01),與憂慮對安閒性之相關達.31(p﹤.01),與攻擊性之相關達.35(p﹤.01),與變異性之相關達.33(p<.01),與神經質之相關達.15(p<.05)。 四、整體而言,音樂資優班學生的情緒與社會適應都頗佳,但仍發現部分學生有適應不佳的情形。
Abstract The purposes of this study included: 1.to investigate overexcitabilities and social emotion adjustment of musically talented students in the junior high school. 2.to investigate the gender differences and group differences (talented /non-talented) in the overexcitabilities and social emotion adjustment and 3.to explore the relationship between overexcitabilities and social emotion adjustment. The samples were 191 musically talented students and 259 non-gifted students in the junior high school of the north, middle, south and east Taiwan. The major instruments for this research used to collect the basic data were: 1.“The Me Scale ”, and 2.“The Lai’s Personality Test”.450 students completed the survey. The data were analyzed by means of t-test and Pearson correlation. The main findings were listed as follows: 1. The male students exhibited more ‘thinking extraversion’ (t=4.16,p<.01) and‘objectivity’ (t=2.71, p<.01). The male students showed more significant psychomotor overexcitability (POE) (t=4.37,p< .01) on “The Me Scale”. The female students reported they have better adjustment than the male students adjustment on “The Lai’s Personality Test”. 2. The talented students exhibited more Intellectual OE (t= 4.64, p< .01), Sensual OE (t = 4.45, p< .01), Imaginational OE (t = 2.57, p<.05) and Emotional OE (t = 2.48, p<.05) than regular students. Besides, talented students gained scores significantly lower than regular students in “The Lai ’s Personality” Test, such as ‘social extraversion’ (t =2.25,p<.05),‘objectivity’(t=-3.00,p<.05),‘cooperativenes’ (t=2.50,p<.05),‘aggressiveness’(t=-2.58,p<.05),‘cyclic tendency’(t=-2.36, p<.05) and ‘nervousness’(t =-2.11, p<.05). 3. Camparing “The Me Scale” with “The Lai ’s Personality Test”, POE and ‘general activity’(r= .53, p<.01), POE and ‘ascendancy’ (r=.41,p<.01), POE and ‘social extraversion’ (r=.37,p<.01),POE and ‘thinking extraversion’ (r=.37,p<.01), ‘POE and ‘rhathymia’ (r= .31, p<.01), POE and ‘aggressiveness’(r= .35, p<.01), POE and ‘cyclic tendency’(r=.33, p<.01), POE and ‘nervousness’ (r=.15, p<.01) all shows significant correlations. 4. In conclusion, musically talented students show well emotional adjustment and social emotional adjustment. But we can still find some students who reported they do not adjust well.

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音樂資優生, 過度激動特質, 社會情意適應, musically talented student, overexcitability, social emotion adjustment

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