何謂「幻想變奏」？—談理查‧史特勞斯的《堂吉訶德》

Abstract

《堂吉訶德》是塞萬提斯(Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra,1547-1616)的文學名作，理查‧史特勞斯(Richard Strauss,1864-1949)在1896/97年間以題材，創作交響詩《堂吉訶德》，此曲以變奏曲的曲式呈現，共有十段變奏，不包含一開始的「引子、主題」與結尾的「終曲」部份。不同於一般以「單一」主題做為變奏基礎的變奏曲，史特勞斯譜寫了三個主題旋律，分別代表塞萬提斯原著中的三個主角：堂吉訶德(Don Quixote)、桑丘(Sancho Panza)與杜爾西內婭(Dulcinea)。

本論文在第一章的緒論後，將在第二、第三章解析三個文學主角與音樂主題動機的使用情形及變奏手法；第四章以配器為核心，探討故事場景與作曲思維的關連性。第五章延續前四章的脈絡做結論，試論何謂「幻想變奏？」，並且探究此曲的曲式，了解作曲家的「新形式」理念。

Don Quixote is the most famous novel of Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, and Richard Strauss wrote the symphonic poem Don Quixote in 1896/1897.This work is presented by“Variation”,which included 10 Variations and Introduction、Theme and Finale.Differ from other Variations,Richard Strauss has wrote three melodies to stand for three roles: Don Quixote、Sancho Panza、Dulcinea.

After the foreword of chapter I,chapter II and III will analyze the three themes how to be used and change in all variations;chapter IV will probe into the story-scenes and composed ideas around instrumentation.Chapter V will try to sum up Chapter I-IV and discuss「what is fantasy Variation ?」or forms of Don Quixote,in oder to understand Richard Strauss’s thought of「New form」.