高齡者客、主觀久坐行為差異與身體組成之關聯性

Abstract

人口老化的問題逐漸受到重視，高齡者的健康議題成為世人關注重點。久坐行為以成為現代人生活的普遍常態，人們對個人生活型態的認知值得探討，因此本研究將探討高齡者客、主觀久坐行為差異與身體組成之關聯性。本研究之主要研究目的為瞭解高齡者客、主觀久坐行為差異與身體組成之關聯性。本研究之研究對象為198名年滿65位以上，且具獨立行走能力之高齡者，研究工具包括ActiGraph三軸加速規 (GT3X+, Pensacola, Florida)、國際身體活動量表短版問卷中文版及身體組成分析儀 (MC-780MA, TANITA, TOKYO, Japan)。本研究將使用SPSS 23進行統計分析，統計方法包括描述性統計、卡方檢定、獨立樣本t檢定及多元線性迴歸。研究結果發現研究對象客觀久坐行為平均為9.79小時，主觀久坐行為平均為4.05小時，兩者相差5.74小時。因此，本研究將研究對象客、主觀久坐行為差異分為「認知差異小」、「認知差異中等」、「認知差異大」三組。此外，高齡者客、主觀久坐行為差異與全身肌肉量沒有顯著相關，而與「認知差異中等」相比，「認知差異大」有顯著較少的全身脂肪量。本研究透過研究結果發現，高齡者客、主觀久坐行為差異越大，全身脂肪量則越少。因此，本研究建議應促進高齡者健康意識並增進高齡者自我認知，可以透過課程、活動等，讓民眾提升對自身健康的認識。The issue of population aging is gradually receiving more attention, with the health issues of the elderly becoming a focal point of concern worldwide. Sedentarybehavior has become a common feature of modern life, prompting a need to explore people's perceptions of their own lifestyles. Therefore, this study aims to investigate differences in subjectively and objectively measured sedentary behavior and its association with body composition in older adults. The primary purpose of this study is to understand the differences in subjectively and objectively measured sedentary behavior body composition among the elderly. The study included 198 elderly individuals aged 65 and above, capable of independent walking. Research tools utilized include the ActiGraph accelerometer (GT3X+, Pensacola, Florida), the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (Taiwanese version), and a body composition analyzer (MC-780MA, TANITA, TOKYO, Japan). Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 23, including descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, independent sample t-tests, and multiple linear regression. The study found that the average objective sedentary behavior among the participants was 9.79 hours, while the average subjective sedentary behavior was 4.05 hours, indicating a difference of 5.74 hours. Thus, the differences in objective and subjective sedentary behavior among the participants were categorized into three groups:"small cognitive difference," "moderate cognitive difference," and "large cognitive difference." Additionally, there was no significant correlation between the differences in objective and subjective sedentary behavior and total body muscle mass. However, compared to those with a "moderate cognitive difference," those with a "large cognitive difference" had significantly lower total body fat mass. Through the study findings, it was observed that greater differences between objective and subjective sedentary behavior among the elderly were associated with lower total body fat mass. Therefore, the study suggests the promotion of health awareness among the elderly and the enhancement of self-awareness through programs and activities aimed at increasing individuals' awareness of their own health.