日治時期「臺北幼稚園」的歷史（1900-1944）

Abstract

「臺北幼稚園」是 1900 年臺灣總督府相關人士因應在臺日本人的教育需求而創設的幼稚園。該園自創設以來致力於導入最新的幼兒教育、備齊園舍、設備及教材，招聘優秀的保姆。然因臺灣經營幼稚園的環境一直沒有成熟，經營必備之人才、物質條件上無法配合，故日治前期臺北幼稚園的經營很不穩定。但是在這樣的狀況下，臺北幼稚園還是逐漸建立起臺灣的幼兒教育模式，該模式也成為其他幼稚園的模範。1926 年，與總督府關係密切的愛國婦人會為了增加會員，接辦臺北幼稚園。在該團體支持下，臺北幼稚園獲得足夠的經費，經營方面變得很穩定，成為師資、設備、教材等各方面都齊全的幼稚園，持續扮演臺灣幼稚園發展之領頭羊角色。臺北幼稚園的保姆除了教導、照顧園生以外，也肩負培養其他幼稚園保姆及推廣幼兒教育的任務，在保姆講習會上擔任講師，傳授最新的幼兒教育，或在報紙、雜誌上分享幼兒教育的重要性。在日治時期整個臺灣幼稚園的發展上，臺北幼稚園是不可或缺的存在。直至1944 年，才因戰局緊張而關閉。本文梳理臺北幼稚園的歷史發展過程，並且探討該園的保姆如何建立臺灣幼兒教育的模式、總督府及家長對於幼稚園的態度變化，以及幼稚園師資及教育現場的狀況。此外，本文也藉由臺北幼稚園園友的訪談及留下來的照片及影片等，嘗試闡明園生在幼稚園經歷到的教育體驗，藉以補充過去幼兒教育史研究中欠缺的兒童視角。

"Taihoku Kindergarten" is a kindergarten established in 1900 by Taiwan Government for the educational needs of Japanese in Taiwan. Since its establishment, the kindergarten committed to introduce the newest early-childhood education brought by fully-trained educare giver. During the Japanese Ruled Period, the environment, qualification and supporting materials for operating kindergartens in Taiwan hadn’t fully developed, these conditions results in unstable operation of Taihoku kindergarten. However, under such circumstances, Taipei Kindergarten has gradually established Taiwan's early childhood education model, which has also become a model for other kindergartens. In 1926, Aikoku women's association took over the Taihoku Kindergarten in order to increase its members. With the support of Aikoku, Taihoku Kindergarten has obtained the funds required for more stable operation. It became a kindergarten full with trained teachers, equipment, and teaching materials. Taihoku Kindergarten continued to play a leading role in the development of kindergartens in Taiwan. In addition to teaching and taking care of the students, the educare giver in Taihoku kindergartens were also responsible to train educare giver of another kindergartens and promote early childhood education. They served as lecturers at babysitter seminars, taught the latest early childhood education, or shared theimportance of early childhood education in newspapers and magazines. Taihoku kindergarten played a very important role in the development of kindergartens in Taiwan during the Japanese Ruled Period. Due to the tensions of the war, Taihoku Kindergarten was closed in 1944.This research thesis summarizes the historical development of Taihoku Kindergarten, and discusses how the educare givers of the kindergarten established the model of early childhood education in Taiwan, the changes in the attitudes of Taiwan Governments and parents towards kindergartens, as well as the situation of kindergarten teachers and the condition of the environment back then. Furthermore, this research thesis also attempts to understand the educational condition of kindergarten students in Taihoku Kindergarten through interviews with kindergarteners in Taipei, as well as from the archived photos and videos, to improve the better early childhood education for the future