雲嘉地區勞工休閒參與對血壓、血脂肪及血糖影響之研究

Abstract

隨著國人飲食及生活習慣的改變，高血壓、高血脂及高血糖已經漸漸成為國人死亡的主要因子之一。本研究旨在探討雲嘉地區勞工休閒參與現況以及參與休閒活動對血壓、血脂及血糖之影響。針對人口統計變項的各構面與休閒參與及健康檢查項目進行分析，以瞭解雲嘉地區勞工休閒活動參與行為對血壓、血脂及血糖之影響。研究方法採問卷調查法，隨機抽取550位參與勞工健康檢查之勞工，回收有效樣本為503份，回收率為91.5％。所得資料採用SPSS 13.0套裝軟體進行統計分析，依據研究目的分別採用描述統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、雪費法事後比較等統計方式進行資料處理。 研究結果顯示： 一、雲嘉地區勞工最常從事的休閒類別前五項為娛樂型、休憩型、戶外遊憩型、家庭活動型和知識藝文型。最喜愛的休閒類別前五項為戶外遊憩型、娛樂型、嗜好閒逸型、運動型以及休憩型。 二、在人口統計變項當中，性別、年齡、婚姻狀況、職稱與家庭年收入等變項在血壓呈現顯著差異；性別、年齡與職稱在總膽固醇有顯著差異；性別與年齡在三酸甘油脂有顯著差異；性別、年齡、職稱與教育程度在血糖有顯著差異；BMI值僅在性別上有顯著差異。 三、在休閒參與部分，休閒參與類別及休閒活動參與頻率各組，分別在三酸甘油脂部分有顯著差異；每次從事休閒活動時間及參與休閒活動型態在健康檢查項目上並無顯著差異。 雲嘉地區勞工休閒參與頻率有偏低的現象，血中平均三酸甘油脂濃度亦有偏高的狀況，建議相關單位可致力於提升勞工朋友的休閒頻率，並給予正確的飲食觀念及增加身體活動量，以降低勞工朋友血壓、血糖及血脂過高的現象。With the changes of eating habits and life style, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia are becoming some of the main factors of mortality. The purposes of this study were to investigate the leisure participation behavior of labors in Yunlin and Chiayi Counties, and to explore the effects of labor’s leisure participation on blood pressure, blood lipid and blood glucose. Questionnaire survey was used to collect data. The subjects were randomly chosen from 550 labors who took the health examination in China Medical University Beigang Hospital. Of all the retrieved questionnaires, 503 were valid. To analyze the data, SPSS 13.0 package software was utilized. Also, descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA and Scheffe test were used to accomplish data analysis. The major results were summarized as follows: Ⅰ.The most highly participated types of leisure activities were entertainment, relaxed, outdoor recreation, family activities and art-literature. And the five most favorite types of leisure activities from high to low were outdoor recreation, entertainment, hobbies, sports and relaxed. Ⅱ.Different demographical varieties, including gender, age, marital status, occupational title and family annual income showed significant differences in blood pressure. Meanwhile, gender, age and occupational title showed significant differences in total cholesterol. Moreover, gender and age showed significant differences in triglyceride. Gender, age, occupational title and educational background showed significant differences in blood glucose. But only gender showed significant difference in BMI. Ⅲ.Different types and frequencies of leisure participation showed significant difference in triglyceride. However, the per time duration and patterns of leisure activities showed no significant difference on items of health examination. To conclude, the frequency of labor’s leisure participation was toward low , meanwhile, the average blood triglyceride was toward high in Yunlin and Chiayi counties. Finally, the researcher offered recommendations for the government to promote the leisure participation frequency and provide correct concepts of eating habits for the labors to improve their health status.