電動車產業動態競爭的不對稱性與短期績效

Abstract

在動態競爭（Competitive Dynamic）理論中，競爭不對稱性（Competitive Asymmetricity）解釋了競爭企業之間互不對等的競爭認知，惟甚少被深入探討或進一步研究。本研究開發出一個不對稱性的量化評量方法，用來衡量企業之間的不對稱性，試圖透過這評量方法，對電動車（Electric Vehicle, EV）產業中8個樣本企業實體，計算出彼此間的不對稱性評量結果，再與新聞消息上公佈的競爭行為（Competitive Behavior），找出與股票價格變化這短期競爭績效（Competitive Performance）的關聯。本研究是以動態競爭的理論基礎與實證研究結果，並奠基於「察覺—動機—能力 （Awareness-Motivation-Capability, AMC）」 模型，及其衍生的「動態競爭中的相互關聯與整合（Interconnections and Integration in Competitive Dynamics）」架構，建構出一個研究架構，使用2021年至2024年間，全球8家樣本企業實體的股票價格變動、競爭行為相關新聞、不對稱性，來描述與分析企業競爭不對稱、競爭行為、與短期績效，受整體趨勢影響下的相互關係。本論文除了假說的驗證外，研究結果還證明，處於高度競的環境中，會迫使競爭企業趨向競爭同形性，模仿更占主導地位的競爭對手的策略與行為，而且觀察到競爭行為對投資者的影響，並發展出一種對企業實體相關數據集，測試不對稱性的調節作用，引進一種將新聞分析與金融市場數據結合、研究真實世界競爭策略的途徑。In the theory of competitive dynamics, competitive asymmetry explains the unequal competitive perceptions among competing firms, yet it has been rarely explored or studied deeply. This study develops a quantitative measurement method for asymmetricity to assess the asymmetry between firms. It aims to calculate the asymmetricity scores of eight sample firms in the electric vehicle (EV) industry using this measurement method, identifying the relationship between the asymmetricity scores and the competitive behavior reported in news articles, as well as the short-term competitive performance the stock price changes.This study is based on the theoretical foundation and empirical research results of dynamic competition. It is grounded in the ‘Awareness-Motivation-Capability (AMC)’ model and its derivative ‘Interconnections and Integration in Competitive Dynamics’ framework. A research framework was constructed using stock price changes, competitive behavior-related news, and asymmetry to describe and analyze the interrelationships among corporate competitive asymmetry, competitive behavior, and short-term performance under the influence of overall trends.In addition to testing hypotheses, the findings suggest that firms in highly competitive environments tend to exhibit competitive isomorphism, imitating the strategic actions of more dominant rivals. It further observes the impact of competitive behavior on investors, develops a method for testing the moderating effect of asymmetricity using multiple firm-level datasets. It introduces a new approach that combines news analysis with financial market data to study real-world competitive strategies.