台灣棒球迷之儀式研究

Abstract

本研究主要藉由儀式分析台灣棒球迷文化現象，採用象徵人類學家Victor Turner之儀式理論作為理論基礎，藉此檢視台灣棒球迷之加油儀式意涵，並結合休閒觀之概念，以瞭解棒球賽事對於球迷的生命重要性。透過文獻探討發現，現代運動仍具備Turner所定義「中介現象」之特質，本研究循此概念將觀賞運動賽事定位為生命中的儀式，並歸納出台灣棒球迷的儀式行為所具有的多重意義層次：球迷「朝向勝利」的加油儀式行為，象徵著運動的世俗化特徵以及競爭的本質；於此同時，球迷對透過加油儀式行為以及看球儀式，得以與原本日常世俗生活脫離，進入運動世界的神聖時空，展現了如同「宗教朝聖」或媽祖遶境般的特質，並在其中獲得自我存在之價值與意義感，是朝向「人生至聖」的追尋，看棒球、迷棒球因此展現了人類在運動世界中，由世俗生活進入神聖時空，或是亦聖亦俗的可能性。The purpose of this study is to examine Taiwan baseball fans culture. This study mainly based on the idea of “liminality” and “liminoid” which brought by symbolic anthroupology Victor Turner. This study find that modern sports tend to show the quality of liminality. Thus I consider modern sports as a form of modern ritual. By participating baseball game and performing the rituals, Taiwan baseball fans separate from their daily routine, and thus situate in an ambiguous status where they can feel the joy of life and also get the sense of being. The rituals of Taiwan baseball fans contains various layers of meaning, first, the ritual performed by fans connote the pursuing for “victory”; second,the fans’ behaviors tend to show the quality of “religious pilgrimage”, especially during the playoffs and championship games, fans would travel with the team around Taiwan, and with such a high intensity, fans get a feeling of religious worship. Third, putting in a larger context of life, we could consider going to a baseball game as a modern form of ritual, through the active ritual cheering, and the power of witness, the baseball fans search for the ultimate goal of life, show the characteristics of what Aristotle called the ultimate human good. Being a fan or going to a game thus shows the possibility of turning life from profane into sacred.