女子足球技戰術訓練分析：以澳洲坎培拉聯隊、美國克羅拉多RUSH隊及加拿大白浪隊為例

Abstract

目的：分析和比較國外不同球隊包括美國克羅拉多RUSH隊、澳洲坎培拉聯隊及溫哥華白浪隊等三隊之訓練模式和組織營運，提供台灣女子足球日後發展之參考。方法：利用實際參與各隊訓練，蒐集相關資料，以SWOT（優勢、劣勢、機會、威脅）方式比較分析各球隊技戰術訓練與組織架構。結果：三支隊皆有管理高層和行政、技術部門，科羅拉多RUSH隊較無行銷策略。克羅拉多RUSH隊排較多的休息在訓練課程中，以適應高海拔環境。坎培拉聯隊技戰術風格較強調地面控球，而克羅拉多RUSH隊和溫哥華白浪隊較重視全場壓迫，及快速長傳進攻。三隊的準備期都將近3至4週，比賽期的小週期訓練強調體能維持、休息與恢復。結論：澳洲、美國和加拿大在世界女子足壇中占有一席之地，其原因不外乎俱樂部型態的發展，以及具競爭性的職業或半職業聯賽。本文三支球隊教練，擅長組織訓練和啟發球員，應付密集的聯賽；教練們依照球員特性設計戰術 和訓練課程，同時利用週期化與科學化訓練，來幫助球員創造高峰表現。Purpose: To analyze and compare the training models and managements among three different teams, including Colorado RUSH team, Canberra United team and Vancouver Whitecaps team. Methods: The relevant information were collected by attending every team’s training seasons, and the SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) analysis was used to compare the training models and managements among three teams. Results: The senior management, administrative and technical departments were founded in each team. The Colorado RUSH team had less marketing strategies than the others. The Colorado RUSH team added more rest sessions in the training program for adapting the high altitude environment. The tactical strategy of Canberra United team emphasized the control of ground ball pass, and both the Colorado RUSH and Vancouver Whitecaps teams focused on full-court press and quick attack with long ball pass. The duration of pre-season in the three teams had approximately 3 to 4 weeks, and the microcycle of the in-season emphasized the physical training sessions and recovery/regeneration sessions. Conclusion: The Australia, United States and Canada have a place in the world women soccer, because of the development of soccer clubs and the competitive professional or semi-professional league. The coaches in the three teams are good at organizing training program and inspiring athletes to face the continuous and intensive competitions. The coaches designed the tactics and training program according to the athletic characteristics, and used the periodized and scientific training methods to help athletes to achieve peak performance.