正向行為支持對減少高功能自閉症學生網路成癮之成效研究

Abstract

本研究旨在探討正向行為支持計畫對於高功能自閉症學生網路成癮之問題行為的處理成效。研究對象為就讀台北市某公立高中二年級男學生一名，研究方法採單一受試研究中的撤回設計來進行研究。 本研究的自變項是以功能評量為基礎的正向行為支持計畫進行介入；依變項是減少網路成癮行為建立有效替代上網具一致性功能之行為。研究者先對教師與家長進行間接訪談獲得個案問題行為的功能假設，再對個案進行直接觀察獲得問題行為的功能結論，發展以功能評量為基礎的正向行為支持計畫。本研究所蒐集資料為小松的立即改善成效、維持和類化效果，以視覺分析與社會效度來了解計畫介入的成效。本研究結果如下： 一、運用功能性評量歸納個案網路成癮之問題行為的功能在取得外在刺激與逃避內在刺激。 二、根據功能性評量的結果設計前事控制、行為訓練、後果處理、及生態環境調整策略之正向行為支持計畫。 三、為個案擬定的正向行為支持計畫能有效減少網路成癮之問題行為且有立即效果。 四、正向行為支持計畫能令個案展現替代行為且有維持效果。 五、正向行為支持計畫能增加個案的替代行為且提升其自我控制能力。This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of positive behavior support program for a student with high-functioning autistic on internet addiction disorder. The subject was a sophomore male student enrolled in a public high school in Taipei. Single subject research design withdrawal (A-B-M design) was chosen as the research method for this study. The positive behavior support (PBS) program was based on functional assessment and was developed as the independent variable in the study; the dependent variable was the alternative behaviors of Internet addiction disorder. According to the initial interview with the parents and teachers, the function hypothesis of the problem behavior of the participant was developed. In order to establish function-assessment-based PBS program, the problem behaviors were checked and confirmed by the direct observation. The immediate response of improvement, maintenance, and generalization were collected in the study. Also, the visual inspection and social validity were employed to examine the effectiveness of the intervention. The results of this research included: 1. Results of functional assessment showed that the client’s problem of internet addition contributed to obtain external stimuli and internal stimuli escape. 2. Based on the results of functional assessment, the PBS program was developed which includes the antecedent control, behavior training, the consequences, and ecological adaptation. 3. The client-oriented PBS program had an immediate positive effect of significantly reducing problem behavior of internet addition disorder. 4. The alternative behavior in the PBS program was positively maintained. 5. The increase in alternative behavior patterns and the abilities of self control were found in the study.